Day 61 | RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing | 90 Days

90 Days RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing

This is Day 61 | 90 Days RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing, We will cover the whole RAS Mains 2025 with this 90-day answer writing program

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GS Answer Writing – Magnetic resonance imaging and Nuclear magnetic resonance | Nuclear fission and fusion । Paragraph

AspectNuclear FusionNuclear Fission
ProcessCombines lighter atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleusSplits heavier atomic nuclei into lighter nuclei
Energy ReleaseInvolves the conversion of mass into energyInvolves the release of energy by breaking apart nuclei
Energy SourcePowers the sun and starsPowers nuclear power plants
FuelTypically involves isotopes of hydrogen (deuterium, tritium)Typically involves isotopes of uranium or plutonium
Reaction RateRequires extremely high temperatures and pressureOccurs at lower temperatures and can be controlled
Waste ProductsProduces helium and a neutron as byproductsProduces radioactive waste products and neutrons
SafetySafer in terms of radioactive waste and potential meltdownSafety concerns due to radioactive waste and meltdown risks
Reaction Equation2H+3H→4He+n+Energy235U+n→92Kr+141Ba+Neutrons+Energy

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique that uses a magnetic field and computer-generated radio waves to create detailed images of the organs and tissues in the body. 

  • MRI utilizes proton NMR to image the concentration of protons, making it ideal for imaging soft tissues like the brain and eyes. Tissues with high proton density appear brighter in the images, while those with low proton density, such as bone, appear dark.

Advantages of MRI

  1. Provides detailed images of soft tissues and organs, aiding in precise diagnosis.
  2. Does not use ionizing radiation like X-rays, reducing health risks and making it safer for frequent use.
  3. Provides excellent soft tissue contrast, allowing for better differentiation between healthy and diseased tissues.
  4. Diagnostic: Find unhealthy tissue in the body, Locate tumors, Bone damage, Assess condition of tissue,neurological disorders, joint injuries Surgery planning
  5. Research: Neuroscience, Cancer, Understand how the brain works doing tasks

Most MRI machines are large, tube-shaped magnets. When someone lie inside an MRI machine, the magnetic field inside works with radio waves and hydrogen atoms in your body to create cross-sectional images

Like electrons, each proton and neutron possesses an intrinsic spin of 1/2. Therefore, nuclei also have spin angular momentum.  When this nuclear magnetic moment associated with a nuclear spin is placed in an external magnetic field, the different spin states are given different magnetic potential energies. A radio frequency signal at the appropriate frequency can induce a transition between spin states (‘spin flip’). 

                   Thus, the phenomenon of resonance, where selective absorption (or emission) of appropriate very high-frequency radio waves causes a spin flip between different energy states of atomic nuclei (with non-zero nuclear spins) in an external magnetic field, is called Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.

NMR spectroscopy is used to elucidate the structure of organic molecules, study crystals and non-crystals, and can be applied to medical diagnostic imaging (MRI)

Application of NMR Principle to MRI

MRI is a useful non-invasive and non-destructive diagnostic tool for imaging soft tissues such as the brain, heart and muscles, and for discovering tumors in many organs. 

  • MRI utilizes proton NMR to image the concentration of protons, making it ideal for imaging soft tissues like the brain and eyes. Tissues with high proton density appear brighter in the images, while those with low proton density, such as bone, appear dark.

Component and working of MRI

  1. Powerful Magnet for Proton Alignment: The MRI scanner contains a powerful magnet (ranging from 0.5 to 3 tesla (T) or higher) that generates a strong external magnetic field. This field aligns the nuclear spins of hydrogen atoms (protons) present in the body’s water molecules.
  2. Gradient Coils for Spatial Encoding: Gradient coils produce varying magnetic field strengths across different spatial dimensions. By applying gradients along the x, y, and z axes, the MRI scanner can localize signals from specific regions of the body, allowing for precise imaging.
  3. Radiofrequency (RF) Coils for Spin Flipping (Resonance): Transmit coils generate RF pulses that excite the protons in the body, while receive coils detect the resulting signals emitted by the excited protons during relaxation.
  4. Receiver and Computer for Image Reconstruction: The signals emitted by the aligned protons in response to the RF pulses are detected by receivers in the MRI scanner. These signals are then processed by a computer using fourier transformation, which reconstructs detailed images of the internal structures based on variations in signal intensity and timing.

Paper 4 (Comprehension part) –  Paragraph

 Travelling helps build personality 

Many people love to travel. The desire to see other cities and countries is a great chance to expand your personality.

As a rule, many people experience constant discomfort due to responsibility or many daily tasks. This negatively affects their personality. Think about how you feel when you find yourself in an interesting place. Chances are, you will get curiosity every step of the way. New streets will be a place of accumulation of exciting quests for you, which must be completed.

Any tourist learns to live in the moment and appreciate what is happening in real-time. Do not forget that each person has only one life. Appreciate what you see and the people you communicate with. Travelling will help you realise this and enjoy new places. This is especially important for students who are stressed by assignments. 

Valuing Experiences-Here’s another thing that can have a positive effect on your personality. Travelling helps people to appreciate the experience they get when visiting another city or country. Everyone’s life is made up of moments and experiences. Only you decide what memories will remain with you at the end of the journey. This is why travelling will help you appreciate experiences.

Broadening Perspectives-Take a look at how other people live and how it differs from your beliefs. As a rule, travel helps realise that a person is only a part of a vast world. We are all like pieces of one puzzle, which is something holistic and important. Travelling will help you appreciate nature and the people around you. It is an opportunity to understand the values ​​and traditions of other nations.

Feeling Inspired Traveling can affect everyone’s personality. Many people feel inspired when visiting new places. Such sensations are important not only for artists or musicians but also for those who want to enjoy life. The daily routine can affect people’s emotional state and destroy them inside. Traveling helps to understand that there is more than going to college or boring office work.

Conscientiousness-Here’s another aspect that can affect everyone’s personality. Travelling to different countries, you will encounter the peculiarities of local traditions or legislation. 

Stepping Out of the Comfort Zone-Your personality will not improve if you stay in your comfort zone. People create artificial barriers to avoid stress or make mistakes. But how correct is that? Experience is the best you can get from travel. Many activities will help you understand that the world does not end outside your home. There are tons of amazing places and locations.

Day 61 | 90 Days RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing

Day 61 | 90 Days RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing

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