Day 58 | RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing | 90 Days

90 Days RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing

This is Day 58 | 90 Days RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing, We will cover the whole RAS Mains 2025 with this 90-day answer writing program

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GS Answer Writing – Important Drugs (Synthetic and Natural), Antioxidants, Preservatives, Insecticides, Pesticides, Fungicides, Herbicides, Fertilisers, Binders, and Sweeteners | Carbon, its compounds, and their domestic and industrial applications । Paragraph

Addition of hydrogen to unsaturated hydrocarbons in presence of a catalyst such as nickel or palladium to form saturated hydrocarbons is called hydrogenation. 

Industrial application of Hydrogenation:

  • Food Industry: To prepare vegetable ghee from vegetable oils. 
  • Petrochemical Industry: Converts unsaturated hydrocarbons in crude oil or natural gas into saturated hydrocarbons to improve the quality of petroleum products.

Hydrogenation of Nitro Compounds: Converts nitro compounds into amino compounds, important in dye, pesticide, and pharmaceutical synthesis.

CharacteristicDiamondGraphite
Atomic StructureEach carbon atom is bonded to four other carbon atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement.Each carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms in layers, forming hexagonal rings.
HardnessExtremely hard, ranking 10 on the Mohs scale.Relatively soft and slippery, ranking around 1-2 on the Mohs scale due to weak interlayer forces.
Electrical ConductivityInsulator, does not conduct electricity.Conductor of electricity along the planes of carbon atoms due to delocalized π electrons.
Optical PropertiesTransparent with a high refractive index.Opaque and dull in appearance.
Specific DensityHigh (3.5)Lower compared to diamond (2.25)
ActivenessChemically inertChemically more active
ApplicationsJewelry, cutting tools, and abrasives.Lubricants, pencils, and thermal management materials.

Drugs are chemicals of low molecular masses (~100 – 500u) that interact with biological macromolecular targets such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, and produce a biological response. When these responses are beneficial, the chemicals become medicines used for diagnosing, preventing, and treating diseases.

classes of drug

Paper 4 (Comprehension part) –  paragraph

 Impact of Modern Technology on Farming

The farming sector forms only about 20.2 percent of India’s GDP despite employing almost 50 percent of the total workforce. Despite significant improvement in food grain production, there are several challenges to tackle as the government aims to increase agricultural production as a share of GDP.

Farming in India is largely dependent on nature, but climate and global warming issues make farming unpredictable. The need of the hour is to educate farmers in the use of modern technology and innovative approaches to increase productivity and raise profitability.

Technology has a major role in farming and agriculture practices; and with the advent of digital technology, the scope has widened. Innovation in agriculture is leading an evolution in agricultural practices, thereby reducing losses and increasing efficiency. This is positively impacting farmers. Use of digital and analytic tools is driving continuous improvement in agriculture, and the trend is here to stay, resulting in improving crop yields and helping to increase the income of the farming community. Refined things have evolved and brought forth modern technology into the field of agriculture. From the earliest time, ancient people have already engaged in some form of agricultural technology used in planting, collecting or even gathering. But unfortunately such technological tools are inadequate to bring out the best in agricultural industries.

Technology in farming affects many areas of agriculture, such as fertilizers, pesticides, seed technology, etc. Biotechnology and genetic engineering have resulted in pest resistance and increased crop yields. Mechanization has led to efficient tilling, harvesting, and a reduction in manual labor. Irrigation methods and transportation systems have improved, processing machinery has reduced wastage, etc., and the effect is visible in all areas.

The importance of technology in farming gives a dynamic force for world’s development-an economic backbone. New-age technologies focus on robotics, precision agriculture, artificial intelligence, block chain technology, and more.

Day 58 | 90 Days RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing

Day 58 | 90 Days RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing

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