Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles in the cytoplasm, often called the “suicidal bags” of the cell, because they contain digestive enzymes (hydrolytic enzymes).
Functions:
- Intracellular Digestion:Break down cellular waste, damaged organelles (autophagy), and foreign particles (like bacteria via phagocytosis).
- Autolysis:Release enzymes that self-destruct damaged or unwanted cells.
- Defense Mechanism:Destroy pathogens (bacteria, viruses) engulfed by the cell.
- Recycling of Cellular Components:Help recycle useful molecules after breakdown.
- Enzyme Storage:Store enzymes safely to prevent unwanted digestion within the cell.
