Conventional And Non Conventional Energy Resources

In Rajasthan Geography, Rajasthan harnesses conventional energy resources like coal and oil alongside non-conventional sources such as solar and wind, abundant in regions like Jaisalmer and Bikaner. These diverse energy assets drive the state’s economic growth and sustainability efforts.

Previous Year Question

• Till march 2024 total establish energy capacity of rajasthan reached 24783.64 MW
• Distribution network increase by 22.66% from 2016-17 to 2023-24
• Maximum possibilities of energy resources in Rajasthan Solar energy >wind energy >biogas

Types of energy

Based on source

Conventional energy	Non Conventional energy
Energy from whose production process has been developed already	Energy form whose production process is under progress or development
Limited Source	Unlimited source
These cause pollution	These cause no or minimum pollution
Example thermal power plant hydro power plant Gas based power plant	Example solar energy wind energy tidal energy biomass atomic energy

Based on production

Renewable resources	Non renewable resources
These can be used multiple times	These can be used once only
Never ending source	After a certain period of time These are going to end
Gets produced easily	It takes Thousands of years for their production
Production process continues forever and can be reproduced	These cannot be reproduced
Examples solar energy wind energy bio gas tidal hydropower	Example cool petroleum natural gas uranium thorium

Conventional energy resources

Thermal power plants

• Types of thermal power plants

Major super thermal or critical power plants of Rajasthan

1. Suratgarh Super Thermal Power Plant

• Established – 1998, Thukrana Village, Suratgarh
• Operations – RVUNL (100% Rajasthan Share)
• Water supply – from INGP
• Generation Capacity (Total 8 units)
  • 250 x 6=1500
  • 660 x 2=1320
  • Total – 2820 MW
• At present Suratgarh Thermal Power Plant is the maximum electricity producing power plant of Rajasthan.

2. Chhabra Super Thermal Power Plant

• Established – 2009-10, Motipura Village, Chhabda (Baran)
• Operations by RVUNL –
• Coal supplied From Chattisgarh
• Production Capacity (Total 6 units)
  • 250×4=1000
  • 660×2-1320
  • Total – 2320 MW
• It is the third super thermal power station of Rajasthan and first power plant based on critical technology.
• This plant is the second highest power generating plant.
• budget 2022-23, expansion of Chhabda thermal power plant will be done to ultra super critical technology with 2 units of 660 MW

3. Kalisindh Super Critical Thermal Power Plant

• Establishment – Undel Village (Jhalawar)
• First Unit Commissioned 02 May, 2014
• Water supply – from Kalisindh river
• Operation – By RVUNL
• Coal supply – from Chhattisgarh
• Production Capacity (Total 2 Units)
  • 600 x 21200
  • Total- 1200 MW
• This is the fourth super thermal power plant of Rajasthan.
• This Plant has Asia’s tallest cooling tower of modern technology.
• Budget 2022-23 Announcement Expanding Kalisindh Super Critical Thermal Power Plant to Ultra Super Critical Plant with third unit of 800 MW

4. Kawai Supercritical Thermal Power Plant

• Establishment – Kawai (Baran)
• Operated by – Adani Group
• This is Rajasthan’s first super critical thermal power plant in the private sector.

5. Banswara Super Critical Thermal Power Plant(Proposed)

• Establishment : Danpur, Banswara
• Operation : By RVNNL.
• Coal based project.
• Closed due to lack of environmental clearance.
• Production Capacity (Total 2 units) 660 x 2=1320 MW

Non-Critical Thermal Power Plant (NCTPP)

Established by the State Government 

1. A.Kota Thermal Power Plant

• Established in: 1978; Started in: 1983
• Operated By: RVUNL
• This is the second super power thermal station and first coal-based(bituminous coal) power generation station of Rajasthan
• Production Capacity (Total 7 units)
  • 110 x 2=220
  • 210 x 3=630
  • 195 x 2=390
  •  Total = 1240 MW

2. Giral Lignite Thermal Power Plant

• Established in: 2003; Dhumbali Village, Shiv Tehsil, Barmer
• Started – February, 2007 (First Unit)
• Operation by RVUNL
• Water supply from IGNP
• Generation Capacity (Total 2 units) 125 x 2=250 MW
• This is Rajasthan’s first thermal power plant based on lignite gasification technology.
• Lignite Gasification Technology- In this technology lignite is partially oxidized with air, oxygen, steam or carbon dioxide to produce fuel gas.
• The lignite coal used in this plant has high sulphur content which causes difficulties in power generation and environmental pollution.

Established by the Central Government

1. Barsingsar Thermal Power Plant

• Establishment 2010-11 : Barsingsar (Bikaner) and (Bikaner)
• Operated by Neyveli Lignite Corporation and Government of Rajasthan(in collaboration with NLC India Limited)
• Fuel – Lignite Coal
• Generation Capacity (Total 2 units) 125 x 2 = 250 MW

Established by the joint sector

1. Kapurdi and Jalipa Thermal Power Plant

• Generation Capacity in 1st Phase (Total 8 units) 135 x 8 – 1080 MW
• Shareholding – Rajasthan State Minerals and Mine Ltd. (RSMML) Barmer (51%) + Rajasthan west power (subsidiary of Jindal Steel works) 49%

2.  Beethnok Thermal Power Plant

• Established – Under construction since 2010; Beethnok (Bikaner)
• Operation by Neyveli Lignite Corporation Project

Established by the private sector

Plant	VS Lignite power plant	Kawai thermal power plant	Bhadres lignite super thermal power plant
location	Gudha Bikaner	Baran	Barmer
operation	KSK energy	Adani group	Rajasthan west power

Natural Gas Based Power Plants

s.no	name	Location	Capacity	ownership
1	Ramgarh  natural gas project	Ramgarh, jaisalmer	273.5MW	State
2	Dholpur combined cycle project	Dholpur	110*3=330MW	State
3	Jhamar Kotra Natural gas electricity project	Udaipur	100 MW	State
4	Anta natural gas power plant	Anta baran	420 MW	Centre
5	Keshorai Patan Power plant	KeshoRai Patan Bundi	1000 MW	Private sector
6	Kawai natural gas power plant	Baran	1320 MW	Private sector
7	Saang Dungri National gas Power plant	Bagidora Banswada	(under progress)	Private sector

Hydroelectricity Based Power Plants

S.NO		PROJECT	LOCATION		CAPACITY
1		Anas hydro power project	Banswara(anas+haran river)		140MW
2		Jakham Hydro Power Project	Pratapgarh		54MW
3		Indira Gandhi Hydro power Project	Ignp		23 MW

1	Salal project			Chenab J&K
2	Dulhasti project			Chenab J&K
3	Uri project			Jhelum J&K
4	Tanakpur project			Kali River Uttarakhand
5	Tehri Project			Bhagirathi ,BhilgangaUttarakhand
6	Chamera project			Ravi Himachal Pradesh
7	Parvati Project			Parvati Himachal Pradesh
8	Nathpa Jhakri Project			Satluj Himachal Pradesh
9	Dholi Ganga Project			Satluj Himachal Pradesh

STATE + STATE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS

• Chambal River Valley Project
  • Partner states-Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh (50:50)
  • 03 dams
    • Gandhi Sagar Dam 23 x 5 =115 MW
    • Rana Sagar Dam 43 x 4 =172MW
    • Jawahar Sagar Dam 33 x 3 =99MW
  • total production =386MW
  • Rajasthan’s share – 193MW

• Mahi River Power Project
  • Location – Borkheda, Banswara
  • Partner States- Rajasthan (45%) and Gujarat (55%)
  • Total generation = 140MW
  • (Lilwana = 90 MW + Hegpura = 50MW)
  • Operation by – RVUNL
  • 100% of the energy generated under this project is distributed in the tribal areas of Rajasthan.
• Bhakra Nangal Project
  • Location: On the Sutlej River
  • Partner States- Rajasthan, Punjab and Haryana
  • Total Generation : 1493MW
  • Rajasthan’s share: 227MW (15.2%)
  • Maximum irrigation: Hanumangarh

• Rahughath Project
  • Location: On Chambal River in Karauli.
  • Partner States: Rajasthan (50%) + Madhya Pradesh (50%)
  • Total Capacity: 270MW
  • Rajasthan’s share: 135MW

• Beas (Vyas) Project.
  • Partner States: Rajasthan, Punjab and Haryana
  • Capacity: 4 x 165 = 660 MW’
    • Rajasthan’s total share is 408MW. (20% of electricity produced from Pandoh dam and 59% of power from Pong dam)

Atomic Power Projects

• Rawatbhata Atomic Power Plant
  • Established 1965
  • Total Units 08
  • partner country Canada 
  • This is the first nuclear power plant of Rajasthan and the second nuclear power plant of India. (First – Tarapur, Maharashtra)
  • largest nuclear power plant of India.
  • This is India’s first nuclear power plant based on heavy water technology.
  • Uranium obtained from France. 
  • In May 2023, a hydrogen plant was also installed in Rawatbhata (10 cubic meters per hour).
  • Total capacity-1880 MW (production of 1780MW)
• Napala Nuclear Power Plant(Proposed)
  • Location: Mahi River in Banswara district.
  • Second nuclear power plant of the state. Total capacity :- 2800 MW (700 X 4)
• Narora Atomic Power Plant (Uttar Pradesh)
  • Operation: By NTPC
  • This is the fourth nuclear power plant in the country.
  • Total Generation Capacity : 440 MW
  • Rajasthan’s share: 44 MW (10%)

Non-Conventional Energy Resources

Solar Energy

• Rajasthan is the first state in India to make a solar energy policy.
• First Solar Energy Policy – 2011
• Second Solar Energy Policy – 2014

Rajasthan Solar Energy Policy – 2019

• Effective – 18 December 2019. 
• Target:
  • To achieve the target of 30,000MW / 30 GW of solar power projects by 2024-25.

• Vision and Objective: –
  • National target of 175 GW of renewable energy has been set to meet India’s global commitment
  • To make Rajasthan a major contributor in achieving the national target of 100GW.
  • Promoting new technologies in solar energy storage.
  • To develop the solar energy sector in the State with a stakeholder-participation driven policy.
  • Making solar energy more cost competitive.
  • To facilitate Renewable energy production, distribution, manufacturing, development activities
  • RREC will be the nodal agency.
  • Green energy city.
    • 300MW of Solar Rooftop System To be established in upcoming 5 years at 33 district headwaters developing them as green energy cities

Rajasthan has the highest potential for solar energy in the country, because here–

1. Availability of barren land, dry climate, proximity to tropical regions, etc.
2. Solar days: 325 days.
3. Solar radiation intensity : 6-7 km/h/sqm/day
4. Capacity : 142GW
5. Rajasthan ranks first in India in terms of solar energy because of Conditions like the area etc. are found.

Solar Parks

•  Bhadla, Jodhpur-2245MW
•  Nokh, Falodi –
• Khinvsar (Nagaur)first private
• Dhudsar (Jaisalmer)second private
• Mathania (Jodhpur)
• Faagi (Dudu)
• Nandiya(Jodhpur)
• Duniya (Jodhpur)
• Mokla (Jaisalmer)
• Agoria (Barmer).
• Additionally, four solar parks are in the development stage under the Solar Park Scheme of MNRE:
  • Phalodi-Pokaran Solar Park (750 MW)
  • Fatehgarh Phase-IB (1,500 MW)
  • Nokh Solar Park (925 MW), being developed by RSDCL
  • Pugal (Bikaner) Solar Park (1,450 MW)

PM Kusum Yojana (Kisan Urja Suraksha Evam Uthan Mahabhiyan Yojana)

• Launched by the MNRE in 2019, in order to endow installation of off-grid solar pumps in rural areas and reduce dependence on grid, in grid-connected areas.
• COMPONENTS-
  • 10,000 MW- decentralized ground-mounted grid-connected renewable power plants.
  • 20 lakh solar-powered agriculture pumps
  • 15 lakh agriculture pumps, already connected to the grid,to be converted into solar.
• Objective –
  • To promote renewable energy production by installing solar pumps and solar panels on barren lands.
  • to increase the income of farmers by allowing them to sell surplus solar power to the grid.
  • Incentivising farmers to save power
  • expansion of the irrigation cover
  • moving away from polluting diesel and thus reducing carbon emissions
• Target – 28750 MW electricity generation
• Assistance = 60% (30% Centre + 30% State) + 30% (Bank loan) + 10% (farmer)
• First Solar Pump – Kapadiawas-Jaipur
• First Solar Panel – Bhaloji (Kotputli)

PM Surya Ghar—Muft Bijli Yojana

• It is a central scheme to promote the adoption of solar rooftop systems by providing substantial financial subsidies and ensuring ease of installation.
• Announcement – February 13, 2024
• Target: To light up 1 crore houses by providing free electricity upto 300 units per month
• Cost – approximately 75 thousand crores
• Provision
  • Rs 30,000 subsidy for 1 kW solar panel
  • Rs 60,000 subsidy for 2 kW solar panel capacity
  • Rs 78,000 subsidy is available for panels of 3 kW or more
• Rs 100 crore corpus will be established to ensure payment security
• Targets
  • ‘Modal Solar Village’ to be developed in every district.
  • Decentralized Solar Power Plants of up to 2(MW) capacity will be established in every village.
  • In next 2 years over 2 lakh 8 thousand households deprived of electricity will be provided domestic connections

Green Hydrogen

Green Hydrogen is a non-fossil fuel which can fulfil the requirements of Industrial, Power, Transportation and Aviation sectors while reducing carbon emissions. It is also useful to produce Green Ammonia.

Rajasthan Green Hydrogen Policy, 2023

• The Nodal Agency for this Policy is RRECL which functions under the Energy Department, Government of Rajasthan.
• Objectives :- 
  • To become the pioneer state for Green Hydrogen Production and its derivatives. To reduce the dependency on import of Ammonia and Fossil Fuels.
  • To develop an ecosystem for production of Green Hydrogen for Refineries, Fertilizers and other Industries requiring Hydrogen as an input.
  • To create an environment for Industry and Research Institutions to focus on cutting edge research and to make Rajasthan the preferred destination for green hydrogen.
  • To develop a green hydrogen manufacturing ecosystem (Electrolyser, compressor, storage and transport infrastructure etc.)
• Focus :-
  • Promoting Generation of Hydrogen and its derivatives.
  • Development of Green Hydrogen Parks. 
  • Promote green tourism in the state by the use of green hydrogen-based mobility.
  • Promotion of Green Hydrogen Fuel Cells for transportation.
  • Promotion of Green Hydrogen equipment manufacturing industries.
  • Promotion of research in cutting edge technology.
• Targets :-
  • Producing 2000 kilo Tonnes per Annum (kTPA) of green hydrogen by 2030.
  • Blend up to 10 per cent green hydrogen (on a volume basis) in natural gas pipelines for gas produced within Rajasthan by 2030.
  • Develop at least one Giga factory for electrolyser manufacturing. 
  • Cater to at least 20 per cent of green hydrogen exports from India either as fuel, chemicals derived from green hydrogen or technology products like electrolysers. 
  • Commission at least one green hydrogen valley to cater to the demand from fertiliser plants and refineries.
• Incentives:
  • Benefits as per the Rajasthan Investment and Promotion Scheme.
  • Renewable energy plant capacity up to 2.5 times the contract demand.
  • A 50% exemption on transmission and distribution charges for 10 years for facilities producing 500 kilotons per annum (KTPA) of renewable energy.
  • A 10-year exemption from cross-subsidy surcharges for green hydrogen procured from third parties.
  • Competitive rates for land allotment to set up green hydrogen production facilities.
  • Waiver of banking charges for electricity generated from renewable sources.
  • Priority for green hydrogen production from brine or treated water in state land allotment.
  • Benefits for green hydrogen equipment manufacturing units.
  • 30% cost support (up to Rs 5 crore) for setting up research centers.

Wind Energy

Factors favouring wind energy generation in Rajasthan :-

1. High Wind Velocity: The velocity of wind in Rajasthan ranges from 20 to 40 km per hour.said by National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE)
2. Vast Area of Wasteland: Western Rajasthan has a vast area of wasteland available, ideal for wind energy projects.
3. Potential: The wind energy potential in the state is estimated to be about 127.7 GW at a 120-meter hub height and 284.2 GW at a 150-meter hub height.
4. Components: A majority of the components required for wind projects are manufactured domestically.
5. Minimal Obstructions: Large stretches of open land with minimal obstructions facilitate the smooth flow of wind, maximizing the efficiency of wind turbines.

Government Initiatives:

• The state’s Wind & Hybrid Energy Policy-2019 underscores the importance of promoting both wind and solar energy to maximize resources and mitigate risks associated with grid instability.
• The Rajasthan Renewable Energy Policy 2023 aims to achieve 15 GW dedicated to wind and hybrid energy.
• Rajasthan has installed wind power plants capacity of 5209 MW
• Rajasthan is ranked 5th in wind power generation.  (1st – Tamilnadu  2nd – Gujarat  3rd – Maharashtra  4th – Karnataka  5th – Rajasthan )

Rajasthan Wind and Hybrid Energy Policy, 2019

• The policy aims to achieve a target of 3,500 MW wind and Hybrid Projects up to the financial year 2024-25

	COMPONENTS	TOTAL TARGET-3500 MW
1.	Hybridization of existing Wind/Solar Plants	200 MW
2.	New Wind-Solar Hybrid Projects	2,000 MW
3.	Wind-Solar Hybrid with Storage Systems	500 MW
4.	Hybridization of existing Conventional Plants	800 MW

Objectives :–  

1. Strengthening of Transmission and Distribution Networks in the State for Renewable Energy integration.
2. To promote Wind Power Projects and required Storage Systems.
3. To promote industries in manufacturing of wind energy equipment.  
4. Promotion of “Repowering” of Wind Power Projects. 
5. Promotion of Wind Resource Assessment Programme.  
6. Hybridisation of Wind & Solar technologies to meet the challenges of grid security and stability along with optimum utilisation of land resources and transmission systems. 

Rajasthan Integrated Clean Energy Policy 2024

• This policy acknowledges the state’s significant renewable energy potential and aims to contribute to India’s national target of achieving 500 GW renewable capacity and net-zero emissions by 2070.
• Policy Duration – Valid until March 29, 2029, or until it is replaced by another policy.
• Nodal Agency – Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Limited (RREC)
• Key Objectives
  • Achieving a balanced energy mix.
  • Enhancing grid stability.
  • Ensuring energy security.
  • Promoting innovation, research, hybrid systems, and emerging technologies like energy storage.
• Target
  • Achieving 125,000 MW renewable energy capacity by 2029-30, including solar, wind, and storage systems.
• Renewable Energy Targets under Rajasthan Integrated Clean Energy Policy 2024

S. No.	Category	Capacity (MW)
1	Solar Energy	90,000 MW
2	Wind & Hybrid Energy	25,000 MW
3	Hydro, Pumped Storage Plant (PSP), Battery Energy Storage System	10,000 MW

Biomass Energy

• Biomass is renewable organic material that comes   from plants and animals used for facility heating and electric power generation
• Chemical Composition of Biogas
  • Methane – 65%  
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2 ) – 30%  
  • Hydrogen – 5%

• Biomass can be converted into electric power through several methods :
  • Combustion of biomass material
  • Gasification
  • Pyrolysis
  • Anaerobic digestion
• Sources:- Agricultural and farm waste (rice husk, mustard stubble, stubble, urban waste, acacia)
• 14 biomass plants with a capacity of 128.45 MW (March 2024 )have been installed
• First Biomass Plant – Padampura( Shri Ganganagar) 

• Biodiesel
  • Biodiesel is a type of diesel fuel made from biological sources like vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled cooking
  • Main source of biodiesel in Rajasthan is “Jatropha.”
  • blended with petroleum diesel in any percentage (usually 20%)
  • Biodiesel refinery :- Kalrawas (Udaipur). 
  •  Biodiesel plant :- Jhamar – Kotra, Udaipur.

Biofuel

Bio-fuel refers to fuel derived from biomass, such as plants, organic wastes, animal fat, waste stream of vegetative oil, used cooking oil and agriculture residues.

• 12 districts of the state (Baran, Banswara, Bhilwara, Bundi, Chittorgarh, Dungarpur, Jhalawar, Kota, Rajsamand, Sirohi, Udaipur and Pratapgarh) have been found suitable for the production of Ratanjot and other equivalent oil plants. 
• Apart from this, plantation of Karanj has been found suitable in the 8 Eastern districts of the state (Alwar, Bharatpur, Dausa, Dholpur, Jaipur, Karauli, Sawai Madhopur and Tonk).

Biofuel Development in Rajasthan

• 2005: Bio-Fuel Mission established to promote biofuel production on degraded forest land and culturable wasteland.Chair: Chief Minister of Rajasthan
• 2006: Rajasthan becomes first state in India to develop a biofuel policy.
• 2007: Rajasthan Bio-Fuel Authority established to administer the biofuel policy.
• 2016: Rajasthan Wasteland Development Board renamed as Wasteland & Pasture Development Board to develop wasteland and pasture.
• 2018: Rajasthan becomes first state to implement the National Policy on Biofuels.
• 2019: Rajasthan Biofuels Rules, 2019 formulated for authentic retail sale of Biodiesel (B-100).
• 2022: Wasteland and Pasture Development Board reconstituted on February 11.

Biofuel Authority

• Establishment: Formed in 2007 following the announcement of the State Biofuel Policy.
• Purpose: Leverage biofuel potential from non-edible oil seed crops like Ratanjot, Karanj, Mahua, and Neem on barren lands.

Major Activities

1. Biodiesel Regulation: Registration of Biodiesel (B-100) manufacturers, suppliers, and retailers for blending with high-speed diesel under the Rajasthan Biofuel Rules, 2019.
2. Promoting Non-Edible Crop Plantation (Ratanjot, Karanj, Mahua & Neem): Collaborates with MGNREGA and other departments to encourage plantations that provide alternative incomes in rural and tribal areas.
3. Wasteland & Pasture Development: Manages Rajasthan’s Wasteland & Pasture Development Board functions.

Achievements (Till March 2024):

• Rajasthan led in formulating and implementing rules to regulate B-100 retail sale.
• Production Capacity: 4.20 lakh liters/day through 12 registered B-100 producers.
• Outlets: 102 mobile retail biodiesel outlets registered under Biofuel Rules.

Rajasthan Biomass and Waste to Energy Policy, 2023

• Announced to align with India’s INDC commitments (reduce carbon emissions 33-35%, achieve 50% non-conventional energy capacity by 2030).
• Vision and Objectives:
  • Contribute to the national target of 500 GW of renewable energy by 2030.
  • Promote biomass as an energy source and reduce stubble burning.
  • Facilitate waste disposal (MSW, RDF, industrial/medical) in an environmentally friendly manner.
  • Encourage biomass energy plantations to support rural development.
• Key Provisions:
  • Biomass Projects:
    • Promote biomass-based power plants, cogeneration, briquette/pellet manufacturing.
    • Power Producers can use energy for consumption or sell to discoms to meet Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO).
  • Waste-to-Energy:
    • Promote plants using MSW, RDF, industrial/medical waste.
    • Local bodies can allocate projects through bidding or PPP mode.
  • Co-firing in Coal/Lignite Plants
• Incentives:
  • Eligible for Rajasthan Investment Promotion Scheme (RIPS).
  • Central Financial Assistance (CFA) for successful projects.
  • Exemption from Pollution Control Board fees for Waste-to-Energy projects.
• Project Facilitation:
  • Land Allotment: Government land can be allotted for biomass projects based on the Rajasthan Land Revenue Rules, 2007. Private land can also be procured directly.
  • Energy Plantation: Government/private land can be used for biomass energy plantations (up to 50 hectares/MW). The land can be used for up to 20 years, with a 10-year extension possible.
  • Transparent sale/auction mechanism for unutilized land with weed growth (e.g., Prosopis, Lantana).
• Registration and Approval:
  • Biomass power plants and waste-to-energy projects must be registered with RREC, with a non-refundable fee of Rs 30,000/MW.
• Security Deposit and Timeframes:
  • Developers must deposit Rs 1 lac/MW as a security deposit, refunded upon project completion.
  • Projects must be commissioned within 36 months; extensions allowed with penalties.
• Power Purchase Agreements (PPA):
  • Sale of electricity to Discoms will be governed by a PPA, with prices set by RERC.

Rajasthan Renewable Energy Policy, 2023

• Rajasthan possesses wind potential of approximately 284 GW (at 150m hub height) and solar potential of around 142 GW. To further harness this potential, the Rajasthan Renewable Energy Policy, 2023 was notified on 6th October 2023.
• Key features : 
  • Vision  and objectives
    • Stakeholder-Driven Policy: Develop RE sector with stakeholder involvement.
    • Technological Advancement: Promote new technologies such as energy storage systems, including pump storage plants and battery storage systems.
    • Land Utilization: Use wasteland for wind energy and promote repowering projects.
    • Investment Attraction: Promote RE equipment manufacturing.
    • Hybrid Projects: Encourage hybridization of wind & solar technologies and integration with thermal power plants for reduced emissions
  • Target : The policy aims to achieve 90 GW of renewable energy projects by 2029-30. 

Energy Source	Target (by 2029-30)
Solar	65 GW
Wind and Wind-Solar Hybrids	15 GW
Hydropower, Pumped Storage, and Battery Energy Storage	10 GW
Total Renewable Energy Target	90 GW

• Nodal Agency : RREC as Nodal Agency (Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Ltd) to Register and approve projects, develop solar parks, facilitate government land allotment, and coordinate necessary clearances. 
• Committees for project Approval : by State level sanction committee (SLSC) as per the respective project scenario only. 
• Renewable Energy Development and Facilitation Charges (REDFC): The Developer/Power Producer will have an option of either paying REDFC charges for supplying 7% of power generated to Rajasthan Discoms free of cost by installing additional capacity to that extent.
• Key Aims:
  • DISCOMs to purchase RE per RERC’s Renewable Purchase Obligation.
  • Develop RE projects for third-party sales and captive consumption.
  • Promote small decentralized solar, rooftop solar, off-grid solar, and RE projects with storage systems.
  • Promotion of Wind Power Projects: It encourages wind power plants, utility grid power projects, repowering of existing wind turbines, and wind resource assessment programs.
  • Support EV charging stations powered by RE, solar parks, and transmission network strengthening.
  • Encourage manufacturing of solar/wind equipment and floating/canal top solar projects
  • Development of RE Parks: Formation of a SPV, and through Private Sector and Joint Venture Companies (JVCs)

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