6 April 2024 RAS Mains answer writing.

In September 1942, under pressure from Baba Harishchandra to join the Quit India movement, Hiralal Shashtri and Prime Minister Sir Mirza Ismail signed the Gentlemen’s Agreement. Its provisions included:
a. No financial assistance from the state government.
b. Freedom for Prajamandal to conduct peaceful anti-war campaigns.
c. No restrictions on activists from British territories.
d. The state ensuring responsible governance.
e. Prajamandal refraining from direct action against the Maharaja.
As a result, there was a decrease in public inspiration for the movement, but the leaders of the Azad Morcha still
participated in it.

’.

Despite the prevailing norms that sought to confine them, women in Rajasthan emerged as catalysts of change, challenging

conventions and actively participating in the struggle for independence.

Role →

1. Joined prajamandal movement , picketing , promotion of khadi etc

2. Went to jail during Gandhian movement like Civil Disobedience and quit india

3. Protested against the prevailing restrictive custom on women like Parda pratha

4. Social reform work among womens

Prominent Women Freedom fighters

1. Vijaya Ben Bhavsar from Banswara presented an example by supporting intercaste and widow remarriage. She formed the “Mahila Mandal” under the Banswara Prajamandal and defied Section 144 during the ” Anaj Movement” along with thousands of women.

2. Janki Devi Bajaj: the wife of Jamna Lal Bajaj, activel y participated in Satyagraha against prevailing social restrictions .She was elected as the president in the session of Jaipur Prajamandal in 1944.

3. Anjana Devi Chaudhary ( Sikar) :

● wife of Ramnarayan Chaudhary, abandoned the “Parda” custom and actively participated in the freedom

movement.

● worked among women in Mewar and Bundi for social reform and political awakening.

● Supported her husband in various constructive initiatives, including improving the status of Dalits.

● She holds the distinction of being the first woman to be arrested in Rajasthan .

4. Ratan shashtri (Jaipur ): Wife of Hira lal shashtri. Participated in th e Satyagraha movement of Jaipur Prajamandal in 1939 and assisted underground workers during the Quit India movement.

5. Rama Devi (Jaipur) : Worked with her husband i n Rajasthan Sewa Sangh. She visited bijoliya during Bijoliya peasant Movement. She was also active in Satyagraha and Civil Disobedience movement.

6. Kali Bai : A 13-year-old girl from Rastapal (Dungarpur) attempted to free her teacher, Sainga Bhai, from state officers who were transporting him tied to a truck. Sadly, she was killed in the firing in 1947

7. Kishori Devi: Protested against the jagir pratha with her husband Harlal Singh in Shekhawati. She organized a significant women’s conference in 1934 at Katrathal against the mistreatment of women.

8. Other → Narayani Devi Verma (Mewar Prajamandal), Mani bahan Pandya (Vagad Ba), Shrimati Indumati Goenka, Durgavati Devi sharma (Shekhawati), Nagendra Bala (kota), Shrimati Satyabhama (Bundi) etc

In conclusion, their involvement in movements like Prajamandal, not only challenged colonial rule but also shattered the shackles of feudal and medieval mindsets that confined them to household roles.

The Prajamandal Movement in the princely states of Rajputana during the 1920s and 1930s marked a significant departure from the traditional feudal order and set the stage for democratic aspirations among the people.

Impact on Political Awakening : 

• Demands for Representation: advocated for the rights of the people in the princely states, pressing for representative government. 
• Demand for Accountable and Responsible Government : The movement became a platform for political education, with leaders articulating the grievances of the people and demanding accountability from the ruling authorities.
  • Jai Narayan Vyas Wrote – Marwar ki Awastha
• Advocacy for the Rights of Various Social Strata 
  • Banswara Prajamandal : during the Anaj Satyagraha, Prajamandal members defied Section 144
  • Jodhpur Prajamandal : Stood for rights of peasants → Dabra Incident (1946)
  • Bikaner Prajamandal : Doodhwa Khara Kisan Movement (1942)
  • Kota Prajamandal : Naynuram sharma started “Anti UnPaid Labour” Movement 
  • Alwar Prajamandal → Harinarayan Sharma founded “Valmiki Union” and “Untouchability Prevention Union”
• Constructive Works → Social reform, Begar Abolition, Education etc.
• Anti-Feudal Sentiments: The movement reflected growing anti-feudal sentiments as people, irrespective of caste and creed, joined hands for a common cause. It helped break down social barriers and fostered a sense of unity among the diverse population of Rajasthan.
• Resistance Against British Rule: The movement was not only directed against princely states but also resonated with the larger context of the freedom struggle against British colonialism.
  • Sagarmal Gopa (Jaisalmer Prajamandal) : Active participation in the Non-cooperation movement, Exposing atrocities of Maharawal Jawahar Singh.
    • He was subjected to extreme torture in the prison and was allegedly burnt to death inside.
  • Jai Narayan Vyas was kept under surveillance during Quit india movement
  • Some workers of Jaipur prajamandal formed Azad Morcha under Baba Harishchandra to participate in Quit India Movement
• Platform for dialogue and negotiation: The establishment of Prajamandal as a representative body symbolized the political aspirations of the people. It provided a legitimate platform for dialogue and negotiation with the ruling authorities, fostering a sense of political empowerment among the masses.
• Increased Women Participation→ Mewar prajamandal: Narayani devi,Bhagawati devi; Jodhpur prajamandal: Mahima devi kinkar; Bikaner prajamandal: Lakshmi devi acharaya etc
• Legacy of Political Participation: contributing to the state’s eventual integration into the Indian Union and the establishment of democratic governance.

In essence, The Prajamandal Movement significantly awakened people in princely states, leading to the establishment of responsible government structures and their eventual integration into the Indian Union.

Sol. शीर्षक-निराशा और शारीरिक योग्यता 

निराशा मनुष्य की शारीरिक योग्यता को नष्ट करती है। यह शारीरिक थकावट से अधिक भीषण होती है। ताज़गी एवं इन्द्रियों में स्फूर्ति आने से निराशा समाप्त हो जाती है। प्रत्येक बुद्धिमान व्यक्ति हर अवस्था में शारीरिक योग्यता प्राप्त कर सदा अधिक काम करते हुए आगे बढ़ना चाहता है।