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Subject – Administrative Ethics
Topic -Ethics of Bhagavad Geeta and its role in administration
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Ethics PYQs – Click Here
Click on the question to see the model answer. Submit your answers below and complete the 90-day challenge for RAS Mains answer writing
Q1. Define ‘Gunateet’ according to Geeta.(2M)
Ans. Gunateet (Rising above 3 Gunas) –
- Who are alike in happiness and distress;
- who are established in the self;
- who look upon a clod, a stone, and a piece of gold as of equal value;
- who remain the same amidst pleasant and unpleasant events;
- who are intelligent; who accept both blame and praise with equanimity;
- who remain the same in honor and dishonor;
- who treat both friend and foe alike; and who have abandoned all enterprises –
They are said to have risen above the three guṇas
Q2 Varna Vyvstha as mentioned in Geeta is a very progressive concept. Explain how an administrator can help save this concept from regressive interpretation.(5M)
Ans. Varna vyvstha is explained in chapter 4 of Bhagwat Geeta as – “चातुर्वर्ण्यं मया सृष्टं गुणकर्मविभागशः” – The four categories of occupations were created by Me (Krishna) according to people’s qualities and activities.
A progressive concept –
- Based on quality, action, and nature of a being – “गुणकर्मविभागशः” and “स्वभावप्रभावैर्गुणै”
- Not based on birth – And hence non-discriminatory
- Promotes the division of labor – Agriculture, dairy farming, and commerce are the activities of Vaishyas whereas Serving through work is the natural duty for those with the qualities of Shudras
- Promotes justice and equality in society – Each according to their ability and each according to their need [Marx]
Role of an administrator –
- Ensuring equal treatment as guaranteed by the constitution under Articles 14, 15, and 17
- Implementation of Right to Education [RTE Act 2005] in letter and spirit so that each Varna gets access to quality education
- Section 12 of RTE act – Private schools to reserve at least 25% seats for the disadvantaged and weaker sections of society
- Admission based on quality and action only “गुणकर्मविभागशः” – Hence avoiding Nepotism, Favoritism, crony capitalism and only merit-based selection
- Ending caste-based discrimination – Implementation of laws like
- Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act, 2013
- Protection of Civil Rights Act 1955
Promoting skill (स्वभावप्रभावैर्गुणै) – Make in India, Skill India mission, Performance linked promotion, etc.
Q3 Philosophy mentioned in Bhagavat gita can be used to solve many modern day problems. Elaborate.(10M)
Intro – [There are several ways as we have discussed in our answer writing program ‘Kalam’, to start an answer with a relevant introduction and wind up with an impressive conclusion ]
- Facts – There are a total of 18 Parva in Mahabharata. Geeta is recited by lord Krishna and is part of Bhishma Parv. It Contains 18 chapters and 700 Slokas.
- Current – Recently, The newly elected British Prime minister Rishi Sunak took the oath of Geeta in Westminster Hall. This signifies the importance of Geeta’s Philosophy to date.
- Quote – “The wisdom in this book (Geeta) will survive when the British dominion in India shall have long ceased to exist” – Warren Hasting
- Irony – On the one hand, we are advancing towards cutting-edge technology like AI, ML, and Biotechnology on the other hand our students are prone to suicide. A philosophy that emerged out of a crisis (Mahabharat) can solve many modern crises.
Solution of modern-day problems –
| Bhagwat Geeta | Solution of modern day problems |
| योगः कर्मसु कौशलम् – Yoga is an Art of working skillfully | Solution to Unemployment [Karma Yoga]Example – Skill India Mission |
| समत्वं योग उच्यते – balanced state of the body and mind | Develop emotional intelligence to solve problems like stress, anxiety, workload |
| ज्ञान योग | Treating problems like ignorance, misinformation, fake news, social media disinformationGyan Yoga suggests authentic sources like books, print media for information |
| कर्म योग | Cure for problems like procrastination, laziness and aimless lifeIt gives us a purpose to live |
| Bhakti Yog – मां नित्ययुक्ता उपासते | Treatment of problems like religious intolerance, extremism, irrational consumption of resourcesExample – Devotion to nature = sacred forest = sustainable development and environmental protectionOran Bhoomi (jaisalmer), Dev Bani (Udaipur) |
| Sthith Pragyta – समदुःखसुखं धीरं, वीतरागभयक्रोधः, नाभिनन्दति न द्वेष्टि, सिद्ध्यसिद्ध्यो: समो, सुखदुःखे समे कृत्वा लाभालाभौ जयाजयौNishkaam Karma – कर्मण्येवाधिकारस्ते मा फलेषु कदाचन, मा ते सङ्गोऽस्त्वकर्मणि | Problems like anxiety, stress, depression, suicide etc.Static wisdom helps in emotional intelligence development and conflict managementNishkaam Karma helps one to detach from the worry of outcome and hence increases efficiency in work. |
| Swadharm – मम् धर्मः, स्वधर्मे निधनं श्रेयः परधर्मो भयावहः, | Modern day problems like apathy towards work and running away from dutiesExample – Under Article 51A, it is the duty of every Indian to follow the fundamental duties, even though it is not legally mandatory to follow them.Loksangraha is the self-religion of every human being living in the social system. |
| Varna system – चातुर्वर्ण्यं मया सृष्टं गुणकर्मविभागश: | Problems like caste based discrimination, untouchability, inequality |
| Yog Khesm (योगक्षेमं वहाम्यहम्) – Taking responsibility for all human needs and security. | Problems like natural disasters, traffic accidents and COVID-19 LIC’s Motto – ‘Yogakshemam Vahamyaham’ gives people a sense of social security |
| यथेच्छसि तथा कुरु – Discretion | Discretion is necessary to deal with the problem of complexity in rules and regulations |
| युक्ताहारविहारस्य | Nowadays fast food (salt and fat) is causing problems like obesity and non-communicable diseases (heart, BP).Balance in diet can solve these problems |
| काम: क्रोधस्तथा लोभ – त्रिविधं नरकस्येदं द्वारं | Anger – cyber trolling, war, etc.Work – molestation, rape, etc.greed – corruption, greed, etc. |
Conclusion –
- Summary – Overall, the Bhagavad Gita is an important guide in solving many of the problems of the 21st century.
- Slogan – As Lord Shri Krishna said – “Yada Yada Hi Dharmasya Glanirbhavati Bharat” Whenever there are problems, Geeta will always be the guide to solve these problems.
- Link with intro – As Warren Hastings has shown, the knowledge of Gita proves effective in defeating not only the British dominance but also the dominance of any evil force in this world.
Q4. जिले के निर्वाचन अधिकारी द्वारा सभी रिटर्निंग ऑफिसर को कार्यालय आदेश लिखें जिसमें मतदाता केंद्रों पर आधारभूत सेवाओं की उपलब्धता सुनिश्चित करवाने हेतु निर्देश हो।
