Day 69 | RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing | 90 Days

90 Days RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing

This is Day 69 | 90 Days RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing, We will cover the whole RAS Mains 2025 with this 90-day answer writing program

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GS Answer Writing – Parliament, and Parliamentary System, | President | Prime Minister and Council of Ministers​ l Letter and Report

The Rajya Sabha has been given four exclusive or special powers that are not enjoyed by the Lok Sabha:

  1. It can authorise the Parliament to make a law on a subject enumerated in the State List (Article 249)
  2. It can authorise the Parliament to create new All-India Services common to both the Centre and states (Article 312)
  3. A resolution for the removal of the vice president can be introduced only in the Rajya Sabha and not in the Lok Sabha (Article 67)
  4. If any type of emergency is proclaimed by president and approved by Rajya sabha, it remains effective even if it approved alone by Rajya sabha (If LS is dissolved or going to be dissolved within period)

Position of Rajya sabha is not as weak as the House of Lords in Britain nor as strong as Senate in America.

Article 123 of the Constitution empowers the President to promulgate ordinances during the recess of Parliament.

The ordinance-making power allows the President to deal with unforeseen or urgent matters. But, the exercise of this power is

subject to the following four limitations:

  1. Ordinances can be issued when both Houses are not in session or when only one House is in session. (not a parallel power of legislation)
  2. The President can issue an ordinance only when satisfied that immediate action is necessary, and his satisfaction is justiciable on the ground of malafide (Cooper case, 1970).
  3. Ordinances can only be issued on subjects on which Parliament can make laws and are subject to the same constitutional limitations as acts of Parliament.
  4. Every ordinance issued during the recess of Parliament must be laid before both Houses when it reassembles.

Recently the High-level Committee on Simultaneous Elections, constituted under the chairmanship of Shri Ram Nath Kovind, has proposed simultaneous elections for Lok Sabha, state Assemblies, and local bodies in India.

Desirability of simultaneous elections:

  1. Cost Savings: Estimated savings of ₹4,000 crore for Central government and reduced campaign expenses for political parties.
  2. Governance Efficiency: Avoidance of ‘permanent campaign’ mode hindering policy making.
  3. Timely Policy Decisions: Election code of conduct delays key policy decisions.
  4. Efficient Resource Utilization:
    1. Reduced deployment of police and para-military forces.
    2. Key law enforcement personnel can focus on critical functions.
  5. Social Cohesion: reduce the divisive impact of regionalism, casteism, and communalism in mobilising voters.
  6. ​​Reduction in Political Corruption:Frequent elections necessitate continuous fundraising.
  7. Mitigation of Horse Trading: Specific election periods minimize chances of horse-trading.
  8. Control over Freebies: Fewer elections lead to better financial management for state governments.
  9. Simplified Electoral Process:Using uniform electoral rolls across all elections saves time and money
  10. Enhanced Voter Engagement: Voter fatigue, resulting from frequent elections at different levels, can be alleviated by consolidating polls into a single event.

Challenges in its adoption:

  1. Federal Character Concerns: National issues overshadow regional ones, disadvantaging regional parties.
  2. Accountability: Elections serve as a periodic feedback mechanism for policies and governance. Simultaneous elections would limit this feedback to a 5-year cycle.
  3. Constitutional Amendments: substantial amendments to Articles 83, 85, 172, and 174 would be necessary, affecting the duration and dissolution of legislative houses .
  4. Security Implications: During simultaneous elections, deploying large security forces for election duty may weaken national security by diverting resources from border protection.
  5. Logistical Challenge: The Election Commission has to deploy ~30 Lakh EVMs and VVPAT machines to implement ONOE.

Way Forward: Simultaneous elections are beneficial for governance, cost-saving, and reducing corruption. The government should build consensus among political parties for successful implementation and then adopt panel recommendations with suitable amendments.

Paper 4 (Comprehension part) –   Letter and Report

Viratnagar

Jaipur 

17 December, 2023

The Superintendent of Police

Jaipur

Subject: Unlawful activities on rise in the city.

Respected Sir,

The increasing incidents of thefts, murders and chain-snatching in our locality are causing great concern and a sense of insecurity among the residents. Last three months have witnessed 26 cases of murders, 150 cases of chain-snatching and ten consecutive thefts involving considerable loss of property. It is said that two of the thefts were also accompanied with violence. It has become utterly unsafe to sleep peacefully during the nights and for women to go out in broad daylight. The residents are panic – stricken. This has also affected tourism in the city. The local police stations have proved almost ineffective in checking these crimes. Some notorious criminals are said to have connived with the local cops and are fearlessly active.

I am sure the situation cannot improve until the inefficient and insincere policemen are punished and patrolling is intensified.

Yours faithfully 

Manoj Kumar 

(Secretary, Green Fields Society)

Day 69 | 90 Days RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing

Day 69 | 90 Days RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing

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