Aravalli Range is the principal mountain range of Rajasthan. The mountain range runs approximately 692 kms in a south-west direction, starting near Delhi, passing through southern Haryana, running across diagonally in Rajasthan, and ending in plains of Gujarat.
इस लेख को हिंदी में पढ़ें – अरावली पर्वतीय प्रदेश
In Rajasthan, the range runs from Khetri in the northeast to Khed Brahma in the southwest Within Rajasthan for a length of about 550 kilometers.
Aravalli’s is the oldest range of fold mountains in India. Geologically, Aravalli range can be traced back probably close of the dharwar times and is composed of rocks belonging originally to the Delhi system, folded in a synclinorium occupying the site of the geosynclines which have been deeply eroded.
The Aravalli range and Hilly Region has been further sub- divided into two smaller physiographic units:
- North-Eastern Aravalli Range
- Central Aravalli Range
- The Mewar Rocky region and Bhorat Plateau
- Abu Block Region
A. The North- Eastern Hill Tracts or Alwar Hills
- Districts- Jaipur, Sikar, Khetri, Alwar, Sawai Madhopur. Stretches from Delhi to isolated hills of Alwar & Jaipur.
- They are also called as Alwar hills.
- Average Height: 300 m to 670 m
- Valleys between the hills are wide & in some cases stretch for many kilometers.
- Flattered hill tops- form small plateau.
- Lake- Sambhar, Ramgarh, Pandupole
- Average elevation of 300-670 meters.
- To north & east it merges with Ganga-Yamuna Plains.
- Hill Ranges
- Malkhet & Khetri Group of hills
- Torawati Hills
- Peaks of North-Eastern Aravalli Region:
- Raghunathgarh (Sikar) – 1055 meters
- Khoh (Jaipur) – 920 meters
- Bhairach (Alwar) – 792 meters
- Barwara (Jaipur) – 786 meters
- Babai (Junjhunu) – 780 meters
- Bilali (Alwar) – 775 meters
- Manoharpura (Jaipur) – 747 meters
- Bairath (Jaipur) – 704 meters
- Sariska (Alwar) – 677 meters
- Siravas – 651 meters
2. The Central Aravali Range:
- Districts: Includes districts of Ajmer, south-western Tonk, Jaipur
- Length of central Aravalli range is 100 Km with width of 30 Km and valleys with depth of 550m.
- Height/Elevation- 700 m
- Highest Peak/elevation- 799 m in Rajgarh
- The central/Aravalli extends from Sambhar Lake to the bhorat Plateau, South of Deogarh Peak.
- Surrounded on
- North by – Alwar Hills
- East by Karauli table-land
- South by Banas plains
- West by Sambhar basin
- Hill ranges:
- Shekhawati lower hills
- Marwar Hills
- Peaks of Central Aravalli Region
- Goramji (Ajmer) – 934 meters
- Taragarh (Ajmer) – 870 meters
- Naag Pahar (Ajmer) -795 meters
- Central Aravalli Range is further sub-divided into two geomorphic units.
B1. The Sambhar Basin or Shekhawati Low hills
- District- Churu, Sikar, Jhunjhunu, Nagaure
- Average of Region- 400 m
- This region is full of sand hills & with in land drainage.
B2. The Merwara hills
- District- Jodhpur, Barmer, Jaisalmer, Nagaur, Ajmer
- Area- 4400 Sq. Km
- Average level- 550 m
- S.F.:- The Taragarh (873 m) overlooks the city of Ajmer. Marwar Hills appear in the parallel succession of hills in the vicinity of Ajmer city.
3. The Mewar Rocky region and Bhorat Plateau
- Includes district of Udaipur, South-eastern margin of Pali & Dungarpur districts.
- Area- 17007 Sq. Km
- Location- It is located from South East to South East
- Average Height- 1225 m
- S.F. – The highest portion of Aravalli range lies between the forts of Kumbhalgarh & Gogunda in the form of plateau locally known as ‘Bhorat‘
- Altitude of Bhorat- 1225 m
- Bhorat plateau is one of the highest table lands of Aravalli
- Hill ranges
- Mewar hills & Bhorat Plateau
- Girwa Hills
- Merwara Hills
- Peaks of Southern Aravalli Range
- Kumbhalgarh (Rajsamand) – 1224 meters
- Dhoniya – 1183 meters
- Hrishikesh – 1017 meters
- Kamalnath (Udaipur) – 1001 meters
- Sajjangarh (Udaipur)- 938 meters
- Lilagarh – 874 meters
D. Abu Block Region
- District- Abu, Sirohi
- Area 5180 Sq. Km
- Length- 10 km
- Breadth- 8 Km
- Location- West to Abu in Sirohi Sea Level- 1200 m
- S.F.: It contains granite
- It has been separated from the main Aravalli range by the wide valley of the West Banas.
- Hill ranges
- Abu hills & Oria Plateau
- Peaks of Southern Aravalli Range
- Guru Shikhar (Sirohi) – 1722 meters
- Ser (Sirohi) – 1597 meters
- Dilwara (Sirohi) – 1442 meters
- Jarga (Sirohi) – 1431 meters
- Achalgarh (Sirohi) – 1380 M