Day 13 | RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing | 90 Days

In this session of RAS Mains 2025 Answer Writing, we explore the ethics of Bhagavad Gita in administration, its influence on governance, and leadership.

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GS Answer Writing – Ethical decision-making and contributing factors; social justice, humanitarian concerns, accountability in governance and code of ethics।Case Studies on above-mentioned topics ।पल्लवन

Code of ConductCode of Ethics
A code of conduct is a set of rules that outlines the norms and responsibilities of an individual or an organizationA code of ethics is an aspirational document containing ethical standards, Values, principles, and ideals for anorganization
Objective in naturesubjective in nature and open to interpretation 
Legal backingNo legal backing
Specific, narrow, and mandatory to followBroad, Non-specific, and not mandatory to follow
Ex – Rajasthan Civil Service Conduct Rules 1971Ex – WHO code of ethics and Hippocratic oath taken by doctors

A humanitarian concern is defined as an event or a series of events that are threatening to humanity at large. 

humanitarian concernIndian administration 
Natural disasters Earthquake Tsunami Flood Nepal earthquake 2015 – Indian administrative machinery played important role in Operation Maitri by supplying food, medicine, water, first aid etc 
Kerala floods in 2018 – IAS officer Kannan Gopinathan worked continuously for 8 days without going home and another IAS officer MG Rajamanikyam carried rice sacks on his shoulder 
Tsunami 2004 – The Indian government provided relief assistance to other countries affected by the tsunami, including Sri Lanka, Maldives, Thailand, and Indonesia.
Syria earthquake 2023 – Operation dost
Epidemics and pandemics  COVID 19 – Bhilwara model (IAS Rajendra Bhatt and Tina Dabi)Police administration helped in strict lockdown Operation vaccine maitri (COVID vaccine to more than 100 countries) 
Cross border crisis Evacuation of Indians from Ukrian (Operation Ganga), Syria, Afghanistan and sudan (Operation Kaveri)
Climate changeSolar energy policy, Biofuel policy, work on renewable energy, schemes like PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana, international forums like international solar alliance etc are designed, implemented and coordinated by able Indian administration. India in top 10 in climate change performance index 
Terrorism India is one the country with largest peacekeeping forces in the UN. 
PovertyVarious schemes like national food security act, MGNREGA, PM Kisan 
Political Refugee crisisImplementation of CAA – Saving persecuted minoritiesIndia has hosted Tibetan refugees since 1950s, providing them with shelter, education, and opportunities for livelihoodIndia has provided asylum to Rohingya refugees fleeing violence in Myanmar

Intro – 

  1. This case study represents the ethical dilemmas of development (Chemical production) vs conservation (Saving polluting rivers),  Professional life (Integrity at Job) vs personal life (taking care of ailing parents and siblings), and Social ethics (Saving villagers downstream) vs economic ethics (Saving job). 
  2. Recently, NGT passed an order over the deteriorating condition of river stretches across the country due to the dumping of hazardous chemicals. 
  3. Ignoring the health of the river and villagers, violates the constitutional ethics as dictated in Articles 48A (environmental protection) and Article 21 (Right to life) respectively 

Stakeholders – Engineering graduate, Villagers downstream, River, Colleagues, Seniors, Family members, Myself 

  1. My arguments – 
  1. Against the voice of conscience [Clear conscience is the softest pillow] 
  2. Against the constitutional ethics [Vilation of Article 21 – Right to life of villagers and A 48A – Duty of the state for environmental protection] 
  3. Violation of values like accountability (towards her duty), empathy (towards villagers), humanity (Loss of lives due to toxic chemicals), justice and other human values  
  4. Violates the principles of environmental ethics and biochemical ethics (Safe disposal of hazardous waste) 
  5. Would set a bad precedent and hence a bad work culture 
  6. Against the philosophy of ‘Sarve bhavantu sukhin, Surve santu niramaya’ 

    B) Advised course of action and why – 

  • Gather enough tangible evidence of dumping (Like photographs, Water samples, satellite images, etc) – This would help her prove the point even in court 
  • Contacting the village doctor or PHC (Primary health center) to gather data about health problems 
  • Taking Colleagues into confidence and convincing them to stand for the truth 
  • Awareness among villagers [Through third party] for the wrong that is happening 
  • Informing the seniors about the same and then noticing their response. She might get some supportive senior 
  • Meanwhile, apply for an alternative job and works on skill development so that she has an extra jon in her hand and hence take care of her dependent family 
  • Be well-read about Whistleblowers Protection Act 2011 

By not giving in to the pressure of the company management and at the same time taking care of the family, she sincerely follows her Swadharma as told by Lord Krishna in Geeta.

Paper 4 (Comprehension part) – पल्लवन

 मनुष्य का जीवन कर्म-प्रधान है। किसी महापुरुष ने सत्य ही कहा है कि, “जीतने वाले कभी हार नहीं मानते और हार मानने वाले कभी जीत नहीं सकते।” असफलताएँ सफलता का आधार स्तंभ हैं। गिरकर उठना जीवन का मूल मंत्र है। हर असफलता हमें कुछ महत्वपूर्ण सबक सिखा के जाती है और सफल होने की ओर अग्रसर करती है। हमें धैर्य के साथ, ध्येय की ओर कटिबद्ध होकर अभ्यास करते रहना चाहिए। कहा गया है-

करत-करत अभ्यास से जड़‌मति होत सुजान; रसरी आवत जात है, सिल पर पड़त निशान। 

 अर्थात्, प्रयास से हर कार्य किया जा सकता है, किन्तु असफल होने पर निराश होने की बजाय इरादों को और मजबूत किया जाना चहिए। थॉमस एडीसन भी कईं असफलताओं के बाद सफल हुए। अमिताभ बच्चन की पहली सफल फिल्म कईं रुकावटों के बाद आई। कर्तव्य पथ की राह सदा सुगम नहीं होती लेकिन हर विफलता रूपी चुनौती का सामना कर मंज़िल तक पहुंचा जा सकता है।

“मैं हारा हूं, पर मैंने हार नहीं मानी” 

हार जीत में तभी बदल सकती है जब हम अपने लक्ष्य की ओर और अधिक ऊर्जा के साथ बढ़ें। जो व्यक्ति अंधेरे पथ में भी स्वंय दीपक बनकर अपनी राह तलाश लेता है, वास्तव में वही इंसान सफल और कर्मठ है। 

असफलता को अपनी जीत का आधार बना लें। 
याद रखिए- ना हार में ना जीत में, किंचित नहीं भयभीत में;
कर्तव्य पथ पर जो भी मिला, यह भी सही, वह भी सही।

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