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Subject – Administrative Ethics
Topic -Ethical concepts- Rit and Rin, the concept of Duty, the concept of Good and Virtue. Ethics in private and public relationships- Behaviour, Moral and Political attitudes of administrators, Philosophical basis of Integrity
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Ethics PYQs – Click Here
Click on the question to see the model answer. Submit your answers below and complete the 90-day challenge for RAS Mains answer writing
Q1 What are the governing factors for ethics in Private and Public relationships? (2M)
In Private relationships–
- Individual morality – like Empathy Human values – Compassion,
- Social norms – Respect elders, relatives, Social capital
- Religious doctrines – 7 vows in Hindu marriage, anand karaj in Sikhism
- Law of the land – The Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007
Public –
- Constitution – A 14, 15, 16 etc
- Code of conduct – All India Services Code of Conduct 1968, Rajasthan Civil Services Conduct Rules 1971
- Code of ethics (Hota committee)
- Laws – IPC/CrPC/GST laws
Q2 Application of the concept of RIT can solve the ethical concerns and challenges in India
administration. Discuss.(5M)
Root word for Rit is ‘Ru’ Which means movement. Hence Rit stands for an Organised movement. Rit means truth/right/righteousness or natural order which guides this universe.
| Ethical concern and challenges | Concept of rit |
| Apathy and Lack of compassion | Rit advocates for order, harmony, and Lawfulness. It highlights the importance of maintaining harmony with each other and hence awakens social consciousness. |
| Abuse of power and authority | According to Rit, there is a supreme power or guiding power that runs this universe in an order without Anarchy Similarly our constitution should be the guiding principle for an administrator |
| Egoistic attitude | The real doer is Vishnu and even others Gods have to follow the rules of Rit. Other gods are only instruments for this bigger cause This helps kill the “I” or ego in an administrator |
| Corruption | Going against Rit leads to Sin. Deeds like Corruption, Scams, and Stealing are against the true nature (Rit) of a divine being and hence should be avoided |
| Lack of innovation | Rit means natural order, which can be extended to an unknown Hence Rit can be used to find patterns in cosmos and even in administration. Rit leads to innovation, Curiosity, and discovery. |
| Armchair bureaucracy | Rit can’t be worshipped, It should only be followedHence Rit encourages action rather than mere preaching Rit rejects idleness and promotes activity |
| Lack of integrityInsincerity (Violation of duty) | Rit is precursor to Dharma and karma Dharma of an administrator is to do his duty diligently with utmost integrity |
| Poor Efficiency | ऋतस्य बधिराणि कर्णानि ततर्द Rit promotes truth and awakens those who are sleeping. This would improve efficiency in administration. |
Q3 Define the term ‘Integrity’ and highlight its role in administration. Also explain the Philosophical
basis of Integrity.(10M)
[There are several ways as we have discussed in our answer writing program ‘Kalam’, to start an answer with a relevant introduction and wind up with an impressive conclusion ]
- Background – The term integrity comes from the Latin word in-tangere, which means untouched. [Hence uncompromisable principles]
- Definition – Integrity is strict adherence to moral principles irrespective of place, time, and context. Hence it is a complete refusal to be compromised.
- Quote – “Wisdom is knowing the right path, integrity is walking on it” – Mary Harrison McKee
- Current – Recently, Govt of India launched mission Karmyogi to instill integrity in the Indian administration.
- Formula – Core values (Like honesty, accountability, etc) + Perseverance = Integrity
Role in administration –
- Integrity in the administration increases the efficiency of the organization
- Ex – Dr Samit Sharma IAS
- It increases trust b/w various stakeholders [Citizens, public representatives, staff members, seniors, juniors]
- It helps in making the most appropriate decision while in a dilemma. Avoid situations like a conflict of interest
- For example, An officer with integrity would never succumb to the pressure of seniors, relatives, or any family member even if he/she has to compromise with a personal relationship at that moment. He/she would do the right thing only because it is right
- Ex – Satyendra Dubey IES
- To save oneself from undue political pressure
- Ex – Naripendra Mishra IAS
- Uphold the core values like Accountability and transparency in administration
Philosophical basis of Integrity –
| Basis | Concepts that lead to integrity |
| Inner conviction | Conscience [Gandhi] Spiritual enlightenment [Buddha] Inherent moral values [Values like compassion might be genetic] According to Mayo Clinic, researchers estimate that 30–60% of kindness is genetically determined |
| Ancient Indian Philosophy | Vedas – Rigveda (Rit and Rin)Upanishad, Geeta, Smrities, Sanhitas – Purusarthas – Dharma, Arth, Kaam and MokshaSatyamev Jayate – Mundaka UpanishadMaa Gridha Kasasyvidanam – Isavasyoupanishad Chankya’s Arthshastra |
| Modern Indian Philosophy | Vivekananda, Gandhi, Constitution, Preamble etc |
| Western Philosophy | Socrates – Knowledge is supreme Plato – Harmonious functioning [Mind, Body and soul]Aristotle – Principle of Golden mean John Rawl – Veil of ignorance (Impartiality) Kant – Duty is supreme Stoicism – Without suffering, Life can’t sustain Jeremy bentham – Your work should benefit maximum peopleMax Weber – Impersonal to avoid misuse of power The movement of good governance by world bank 1992 [Special emphasis on integrity in administration] |
Conclusion –
- Summary – Hence, Instilling integrity is a must for administrative excellence.
Slogan – Be it internal or external sources, by embracing integrity in life, an administrator can do true justice with the motto Sheelam Param Bhusanam.
Q4. सचिव, शिक्षा विभाग, राजस्थान जयपुर की ओर से सचिव स्वास्थ्य एवं परिवार कल्याण विभाग को एक अर्द्धशासकीय पत्र लिखिए, जिसमें सरकारी विद्यालय के विद्यार्थियों की नियमित स्वास्थ्य जाॅंच का आग्रह हो –
राजस्थान सरकार
च. छ. ज. शासन सचिवालय, जयपुर
सचिव, शिक्षा विभाग दि: 28 अक्टूबर, 2023
अ.शा.प.क्र. 1(4)/शि.वि./विशेष/2023/1352
प्रिय श्री सिद्धार्थ महाजन जी,
आपको विदित है कि राजस्थान के 80 प्रतिशत विद्यार्थी ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों में सरकारी विद्यालयों में अध्ययनरत हैं, जिनकी आर्थिक स्थिति मध्यम एवं निम्न स्तर की है। इन विद्यार्थियों के स्वास्थ्य की जाॅंच हेतु नियमित शिविर लगाए जाते हैं। बच्चे के सामान्य विकास का आकलन करना, टीकाकरण कार्यक्रम पर नज़र रखना और किसी भी असामान्यता का पता लगाना महत्वपूर्ण है। यह विकट बनने से पहले ही संभावित स्वास्थ्य समस्याओं का पता लगाने में मदद कर सकता है। सरकारी स्कूल के छात्र निजी अस्पताल में नियमित जांच का खर्च वहन नहीं कर सकते, जो कि समग्र विकास के लिए ज़रूरी है। साथ ही, उन्हें नियमित जांच के महत्व की जानकारी भी नहीं होती । उनका स्वास्थ्य हमारी पहली और आखिरी प्राथमिकता होनी चाहिए क्योंकि वे हमारा और भारत का भविष्य हैं।
आप से आग्रह है कि जिला चिकित्सा अधिकारियों को अपनी विशिष्ट सेवाएँ इन शिविरों में देने हेतु पाबन्द करें ताकि ग्रामीण जीवन का एवं भावी नागरिकों का स्वास्थ्य उन्नत हो सके। इस सम्बन्ध में किसी भी प्रकार की प्रशासनिक मदद की आवश्यकता हो तो निःसंकोच मुझसे सम्पर्क करें।
हर्ष का विषय है कि आपकी पुत्री का चयन आई.आई.टी. में हो गया है। इस हेतु कोटिशः बधाई। हार्दिक मंगल कामनाओं सहित।
भवन्निष्ठ
ह०
(अपर्णा अरोडा)
प्रतिष्ठा में,
श्री सिद्धार्थ महाजन
सचिव, स्वास्थ्य एवं परिवार कल्याण विभाग
राजस्थान, जयपुर I
टिप्पणी: रेखांकित शब्द प्रेषक द्वारा हस्तलिखित हैं।