Baran was established as district on April 10, 1991, before that, it was a part of Kota district. It is the land of picturesque hills and valleys, serene picnic spots, vibrant tribal fairs and festivals, Ram- Sita temples and iconic Ramgarh Crater.
History of Baran:
Baran city was under Solanki Rajputs in the 14th -15th century. The area was named ‘Baran’ owing to the twelve villages under Solanki’s.. There are also saying that since the soils of the area is mostly ‘Barani’ so it is called ‘Baran’.
Before Indian independence in 1947, most of present-day district was part of the princely state of Kota, although Shahabad tehsil was a discontinuous portion of Jhalawar princely state, and Chhabra tehsil was a discontinuous portion of Tonk princely state.
Post Independence, the rulers of the princely states acceded to the Government of India. On 31 March’ 1949, Rajasthan was reconstituted and it was converted into sub-division headquarters of Kota district.
The present district of Baran was carved out of erstwhile Kota District on 10th April 1991.
Geography of Baran:
The land in Baran slopes gently northward beginning from the high table land of Malwa in Madhya Pradesh. The land is generally fertile. There are hills in the South, North and Eastern portion of the district. The hills in the east of Shahabad tehsil, have the highest point, named as Mamooni (546 meters above mean sea level) in the district. These hills form part of Aravali Ranges. Their slopes are gently and steep and they are mostly covered by woods. The land of the district slopes gently from South to North and the drainage is through tributaries of Chambal, Parbati & Parwan.
Rivers:
Parbati or Parvati rises in Sehor area of Vindhyas and flows in North-West direction to enter the district near Karayahat. It flows through Baran & Kota and meets Chambal at paliya village near Kota border.
Climate:
Usually, the district has a dry climate but in monsoons, the climate of the area becomes humid. The months from November to February are the winter months while summers start from March and end in June. The average rainfall experienced by the district is around 895.2 mm. The coldest month of the district is January with the maximum temperature of 24.3°C and the minimum temperature of 10.6°C.
Location, Area & Administration:
The district of Baran extends from 24-25′ to 25-25′ North latitudes, 76-12′ to 77-26′ east longitudes and is located at altitude of 262 meters from sea-level. It is located on south-east corner of Rajasthan and touches Shoepur, Shivpuri and Guna Districts of Madhya Pradesh along east side. Further, Baran is bordered in north-west by Kota and south-west by Jhalawar District of Rajasthan State.
The district is spread over 103 km from north to south and the calculated width of the district is 104 km from east to west. The district has an area of 6,955 Sq. Kms and is divided into 8 tehsils for purpose of administration namely Anta, Atru, Baran, Chhabra, Chipabarod, Kishanganj, Mangrol & Shahbad.
Constituencies
The district of Baran, along with Jhalawar has been combined into single parliamentary constituency. Hence, there is a single Member of Parliament (MP) elected from both these districts.
For State Vidhan Sabha, the district is divided into four legislative constituencies namely Anta, Kishanganj, Baran-Atru & Chhabra.
Baran Population:
According to the 2011 census, Baran has a population of around 12,23,921 of which 79.21 percent is rural & 20.79 percent is urban. The district has a sex ratio of 926 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 67.38%. Further, it has a population density of 175 inhabitants per square kilometer.
Map
How to Reach:
- By Air: Nearest airport is Sanganer Airport, Jaipur, that is 213 km away.
- By Bus: The city is connected with neighbouring districts and with major cities outside the state via National Highway No.76 (27)
- By Train: There are regular trains to the city from all states in India
