{"id":141024,"date":"2025-06-13T17:31:36","date_gmt":"2025-06-13T12:01:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/?page_id=141024"},"modified":"2025-07-19T14:15:28","modified_gmt":"2025-07-19T08:45:28","slug":"scientific-and-technological-advancements","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940<\/a> \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u0908 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id141024_6330d3-27 .kb-table-of-content-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);background-color:var(--ast-global-color-6);border-top:1px solid transparent;border-right:1px solid transparent;border-bottom:1px solid transparent;border-left:1px solid transparent;border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;}.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id141024_6330d3-27 .kb-table-of-contents-title-wrap{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id141024_6330d3-27 .kb-table-of-contents-title{font-weight:regular;font-style:normal;}.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id141024_6330d3-27 .kb-table-of-content-wrap .kb-table-of-content-list{font-weight:regular;font-style:normal;margin-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id141024_6330d3-27 .kb-toggle-icon-style-basiccircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:after, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id141024_6330d3-27 .kb-toggle-icon-style-basiccircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:before, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id141024_6330d3-27 .kb-toggle-icon-style-arrowcircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:after, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id141024_6330d3-27 .kb-toggle-icon-style-arrowcircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:before, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id141024_6330d3-27 .kb-toggle-icon-style-xclosecircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:after, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id141024_6330d3-27 .kb-toggle-icon-style-xclosecircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:before{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id141024_6330d3-27 .kb-table-of-content-wrap{border-top:1px solid transparent;border-right:1px solid transparent;border-bottom:1px solid transparent;border-left:1px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id141024_6330d3-27 .kb-table-of-content-wrap{border-top:1px solid transparent;border-right:1px solid transparent;border-bottom:1px solid transparent;border-left:1px solid transparent;}}<\/style>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0935\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/td><td>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928<\/td><td>\u0905\u0902\u0915<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2023<\/td><td>\u0928\u0948\u0928\u094b\u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ? \u0928\u0948\u0928\u094b\u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0926\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0930\u0930\u0942\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0924 -\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/td><td>10M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2023<\/td><td>\u091a\u093f\u0930\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0924 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0928 (\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917) \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0902\u091f\u092e \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0928 (\u0915\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0902\u091f\u092e \u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917) \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0926\u094b \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u090f \u0964<\/td><td>5M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2021<\/td><td>\u0930\u0940\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0964 \u0915\u094b\u0935\u093f\u0921-19 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0930\u091f\u0940-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u091f\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u2018\u0938\u0940\u091f\u0940 \u0935\u0948\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942&#8217; \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/td><td>10M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2018<\/td><td>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u0948\u0928\u094b-\u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0935 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?<\/td><td>5 M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2013<\/td><td>\u0908-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0908-\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/td><td>20M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2013<\/td><td>\u0928\u0948\u0928\u094b\u0915\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ? \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/td><td>5M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2013<\/td><td>\u0915\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u094d\u091f\u092e \u092c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0941 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902 ? \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/td><td>5M<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-luminous-vivid-orange-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-028e961697f5557cc964c1969fffad9e\" style=\"border-radius:10px;background-color:#fcb90059;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\">\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:70px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" id=\"robo\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:0px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" id=\"robo\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-luminous-vivid-orange-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-bacf6f34a74e5b148b86250a0e8e403f\" style=\"border-radius:10px;background-color:#fcb90059;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>Robotics \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0939 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923, \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0948\u0915\u0947\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938, \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092e\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0927-\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e (\u0939\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0928\u0949\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0938) \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f-\u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f (\u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u092f\u093e \u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0928) \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 : \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 , \u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0928, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u092e \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-background\" style=\"background-color:#0270ba59;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\">&nbsp;<strong>\u090f\u091c\u093c\u093f\u092e\u094b\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1942 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0925\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 <strong>\u0906\u0907\u091c\u0948\u0915 \u090f\u091c\u093c\u093f\u092e\u094b\u0935<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0932\u0918\u0941 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 I, Robot \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 &#8220;\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e&#8221; \u092a\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u092b\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928\u0932 \u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0922\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e : <\/strong>\u090f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0939\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e :&nbsp; <\/strong>\u090f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e, \u091c\u092c \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u091f\u0915\u0930\u093e\u0935 \u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e : <\/strong>\u090f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940, \u092c\u0936\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0938 \u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Zeroth \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e (\u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e)<\/strong>: \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0964 (\u090f\u091c\u093c\u093f\u092e\u094b\u0935 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0942\u0939\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0939\u093f\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u090f\u091c\u093c\u093f\u092e\u094b\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u090f\u0906\u0908 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u0928 : <\/strong>\u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u093e\u092d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 : <\/strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0941\u0930\u0941\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092f\u093e \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0909\u092a\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u091c\u0935\u093e\u092c\u0926\u0947\u0939\u0940 : <\/strong>\u0909\u0938 \u0926\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-background\" style=\"background-color:#0270ba59;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0918\u091f\u0915<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 (Power Source): <\/strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 (\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923: \u092c\u0948\u091f\u0930\u0940, \u0938\u094c\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e, \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924\u0964)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u090f\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0941\u090f\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 (Actuators)<\/strong>: \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0917\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0941\u090f\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092e\u094b\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938:<\/strong> \u092a\u0939\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0941\u091c\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0918\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0932\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0941\u090f\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938: <\/strong>\u0927\u0915\u094d\u0915\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u0916\u0940\u0902\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915\/\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0948\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0941\u090f\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938: <\/strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0930 (Sensors): <\/strong>\u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0907\u0915\u091f\u094d\u0920\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0948\u092e\u0930\u093e (\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0930):<\/strong> \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0907\u0928\u092a\u0941\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u092e\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0930:<\/strong> \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0930\u094b\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b\u092a\/\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0947\u0932\u0947\u0930\u094b\u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930:<\/strong> \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0930:<\/strong> \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915 (Controller) : <\/strong>\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0928\u092a\u0941\u091f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0924 (Process) \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0921 \u092d\u0947\u091c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947, \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930, \u0938\u0940\u092a\u0940\u092f\u0942)\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e (\u0938\u0949\u092b\u093c\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0921) \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0907\u0928\u092a\u0941\u091f \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092a\u0941\u0932\u0947\u091f\u0930 (Manipulator): <\/strong>\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u093e \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0917 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u092e, \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0930)\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u090f\u0902\u0921 \u0907\u092b\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930 (End Effector): <\/strong>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092f\u093e \u0921\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0907\u0938 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947, \u0935\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u091f\u0949\u0930\u094d\u091a, \u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0947\u0932\u092a\u0947\u0932)\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Locomotion System): <\/strong>\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923: \u092a\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915, \u092a\u0948\u0930\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u093c\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 (Programming and Software):<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092b\u0940\u0921\u092c\u0948\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Feedback Mechanism):<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0924\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092b\u0940\u0921\u092c\u0948\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"199\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image13-6.png\" alt=\"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f\" class=\"wp-image-140055\" style=\"width:600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image13-6.png 780w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image13-6-600x153.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image13-6-300x77.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image13-6-768x196.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-background\" style=\"background-color:#0270ba59;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1980 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0936\u0915: \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0902\u0935<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>TIFR \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f<\/strong>: \u092e\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0908 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u091f\u093e\u091f\u093e \u0907\u0902\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f \u0911\u092b \u092b\u0902\u0921\u093e\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0932 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091a (TIFR) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924, \u091c\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0926\u092e \u0925\u093e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092e\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 (CAIR) : <\/strong>DRDO \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e-\u0909\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0940 (RASI) \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0920\u0928<\/strong>: \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0911\u091f\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f <strong><em>Robotics &amp; Automation Society of India<\/em><\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1990-2000 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0936\u0915: \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f <\/strong>: \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0939\u0947\u0935\u0940 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u092e\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0921 (BHEL) \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u093e\u091f\u093e \u092e\u094b\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936: <\/strong>: EKUKA \u0914\u0930 ABB \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0926\u092e \u0930\u0916\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 : <\/strong>IIT \u0915\u093e\u0928\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0914\u0930 IISc \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0917\u0932\u094b\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2020s:&nbsp; \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 : <\/strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0911\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091c (\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930\u0939\u093e\u0909\u0938 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f) \u0914\u0930 \u0913\u092e\u094d\u0928\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0947\u0902\u091f (\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0923\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0926\u092c\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0917\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0932 (\u0930\u093e\u091c \u0930\u0947\u0921\u094d\u0921\u0940)<\/strong>, &#8220;\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0928\u0915&#8221; \u0914\u0930 &#8220;\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u090f\u0906\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0928\u0915&#8221; \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0964\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f-\u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u0947\u0924\u093e<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-left\"><strong>\u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0938\u094c\u0926\u093e (2023): <\/strong>\u092f\u0939 2030 \u0924\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0940\u0921\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<strong>\u092e\u0947\u0915 \u0907\u0928 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e 2.0<\/strong>&#8221; \u092a\u0939\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u092a-\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0921\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0921 \u0907\u0902\u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0935 (PLI) \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e<\/strong> : \u0909\u0928 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0921\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 &#8211; \u0911\u091f\u094b\u092e\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0932, \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941, \u0926\u0935\u093e (\u092b\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u0941\u091f\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u0938) \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0905\u091f\u0932 \u0907\u0928\u094b\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 (AIM) : <\/strong>\u092e\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <em>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0902\u091f\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0932\u0949\u091c\u0940 \u0932\u0948\u092c\u094d\u0938 (FTLs)<\/em> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u090f\u0906\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f, <strong>&#8220;AI \u092b\u0949\u0930 \u0911\u0932&#8221;<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0906\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f:<\/strong> \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 (Precision farming) \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0928\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e: <\/strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 AI-\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u0905\u0902\u0917\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/strong>: \u0935\u0948\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0906\u0908-\u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940:<\/strong> \u0915\u091a\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 : <\/strong>ISRO \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 :\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0930\u094b\u0935\u0930 (\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-3):<\/strong> \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u0935\u0930\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0917\u0917\u0928\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928:<\/strong> \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0909\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0906\u0908-\u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0928\u0949\u0907\u0921 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f &#8220;<strong>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u094b\u092e\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong>&#8221; \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0948\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 4.0<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f: <strong>\u0907\u0902\u0921\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940 4.0<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0940\u092f \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u094c\u0936\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923:&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e : <\/strong><em>e-Yantra<\/em> (IIT \u092c\u0949\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0947) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0914\u0930 <em>Technoxian World Robotics Championship<\/em> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u090f\u0906\u0908\u0938\u0940\u091f\u0940\u0908 (AICTE) : <\/strong>\u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u093e\u0920\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u092b\u0949\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u0921 \u092f\u0942\u0925 \u091a\u0948\u0932\u0947\u0902\u091c <\/strong>: \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u092a\u0926\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f : <\/strong>2024 \u0938\u0947 2029 \u0924\u0915, \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0926\u0930 (CAGR) \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 8.26% \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948 2029 \u0924\u0915, \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 $664.40 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 10\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0949\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0902\u091a \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b\u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u094b 2016 \u0924\u0915 16% \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0926\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 2021 \u0924\u0915 33,220 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0907\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092e \u091a\u0940\u0928 : \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0918\u0928\u0924\u094d\u0935&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0911\u091f\u094b\u092e\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0918\u0928\u0924\u094d\u0935 2021 \u092e\u0947\u0902 10,000 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 148 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947, \u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0918\u0928\u0924\u094d\u0935 2010 \u092e\u0947\u0902 10,000 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 131 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0915\u0930 2021 \u092e\u0947\u0902 772 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902: <\/strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0921\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0921 \u0907\u0902\u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0935 (PLI) \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0911\u091f\u094b\u092e\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0935, \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941, \u092b\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938-\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0943\u091c\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 :<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u090f \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0943\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0926 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u0941\u0935\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092c\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u0947\u0932 \u0916\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 2027 \u0924\u0915, \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092c\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0939\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0936\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0928\u091c\u0930 <em>\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u0936\u094b\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/em> (Nearshoring) \u0914\u0930 <em>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0921\u0936\u094b\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/em> (Friendshoring) \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Manufacturing Diversification) \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0926\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>&nbsp;\u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0902 :<\/strong> \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938, <strong>\u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0939\u092c<\/strong> \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-background\" style=\"background-color:#0270ba59;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0938\u094c\u0926\u093e:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e:<\/strong> \u0915\u094c\u0936\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u092f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u093f\u0925\u093f:<\/strong> 13 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f:<\/strong> \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0938\u094c\u0926\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094b 2030 \u0924\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0940\u0921\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092b\u094b\u0915\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930:<\/strong> \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 4.0 :<\/strong> \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f AI \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930-\u092b\u093f\u091c\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e (CPS):<\/strong> AI-\u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0941\u0905\u0932-\u092b\u093f\u091c\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935:<\/strong> \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948 :\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0916\u092d\u093e\u0932<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0922\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928:<\/strong> IndiaAI \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0939\u0932, \u091c\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0928\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 (RIU):<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u090f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940, \u091c\u094b \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0928\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930, \u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0905\u092a \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938, \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0928\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0902\u092d:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 (R&amp;D)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915\u0924\u093e<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f : <\/strong>\u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 &#8220;\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0939\u092c&#8221; \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-background\" style=\"background-color:#0270ba59;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0941\u0906\u0908<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923<\/strong>: <strong>XMachines X100<\/strong>: \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u092c\u0940\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0941\u0906\u0908 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u091b\u093f\u0921\u093c\u0915\u093e\u0935 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image58-2-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f\" class=\"wp-image-140059\" style=\"width:200px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image58-2-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image58-2-600x338.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image58-2-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image58-2-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image58-2.png 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0916\u0930\u092a\u0924\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u091f \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923<\/strong>: <strong>KrishiBot :<\/strong> \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u092b\u0938\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u093e\u090f \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0935\u093e\u0902\u091b\u093f\u0924 \u0916\u0930\u092a\u0924\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u091f\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e <\/strong>: \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u0938\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908, \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u092d\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>KissanAI <\/strong>\u2192 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u0947\u0928\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0935 AI \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u091f\u0942\u0932\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093f\u092b\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092b\u0938\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NePPA \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f (IARI) :<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0935\u0947\u0930\u093f\u090f\u092c\u0932 \u0930\u0947\u091f \u092b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0907\u091c\u093c\u0930 \u090f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0915\u0947\u091f\u0930 (VRFA): <\/strong>\u090f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u091c\u094b \u091c\u0940\u092a\u0940\u090f\u0938 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0940 \u092b\u0938\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0928 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915:<\/strong> \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f-\u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0907\u0928\u092a\u0941\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u092f\u0928<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 : <\/strong>\u0915\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f (Autonomous Cotton-Picking Robot)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u091b\u093f\u0921\u093c\u0915\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 <\/strong>: <strong>Niqo Robotics Sprayer \u2013 <\/strong>\u092f\u0939 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u0948\u092e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0940\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091b\u093f\u0921\u093c\u0915\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e: <\/strong>\u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0939\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image31-3-1024x768.png\" alt=\"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f\" class=\"wp-image-140062\" style=\"width:200px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image31-3-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image31-3-600x450.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image31-3-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image31-3-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image31-3.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u092e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0940-\u091f\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f (Multi-Tasking Robots)<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u0908 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0908, \u091b\u093f\u0921\u093c\u0915\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908\u0964 <strong>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923: Farm Sathi:<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0939\u0928 \u091c\u094b \u0916\u0947\u0924 \u091c\u094b\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u091b\u093f\u0921\u093c\u0915\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u092b\u0938\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091b\u0902\u091f\u093e\u0908, \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0948\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0916\u092d\u093e\u0932<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0936\u0932\u094d\u092f \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 : Da Vinci Surgical System<\/strong> \u2192 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f, \u0917\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947, \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091f \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0907\u0928\u0935\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0935 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"790\" height=\"391\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image55-2.png\" alt=\"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f\" class=\"wp-image-140069\" style=\"width:600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image55-2.png 790w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image55-2-600x297.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image55-2-300x148.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image55-2-768x380.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 790px) 100vw, 790px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u091a\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0930\u094b\u0917\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e (Mobility) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923:&nbsp; Lokomat<\/strong> \u2192 \u091a\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 (gait training) \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940, \u0930\u0940\u0922\u093c \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0921\u094d\u0921\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u091a\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u0917\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image5-6-1024x768.png\" alt=\"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f\" class=\"wp-image-140071\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:600px;height:300px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image5-6-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image5-6-600x450.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image5-6-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image5-6-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image5-6-1536x1152.png 1536w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image5-6.png 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0928\u093f\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0936\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Yaskawa Robots <\/strong>\u2192 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0948\u092c\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0948\u0902\u092a\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u092e\u0947\u0921\u093f\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u0940\u091c \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"172\" height=\"293\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image34-6.png\" alt=\"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f\" class=\"wp-image-140074\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:200px;height:300px\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u092e\u0930\u0940\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u0949\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mitra <\/strong>\u2192 Mitra \u2192 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0928\u0949\u0907\u0921 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 COVID-19 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0921\u0949\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u0940\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u092e\u0930\u0940\u091c \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u090f\u0906\u0908 \u0928\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0917\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0932\u091a\u0947\u092f\u0930, \u092e\u0930\u0940\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0926\u0935\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u091f\u093e\u0923\u0941\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"204\" height=\"247\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image15-3.png\" alt=\"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f\" class=\"wp-image-140077\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>KARMI-Bot: <\/strong>COVID-19 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0907\u0938\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0921\u093f\u0932\u0940\u0935\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Medbot<\/strong>: \u0926\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0940\u091f\u093e\u0923\u0941\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0906\u092a\u093e\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923<\/strong> <strong>: \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0902\u0938<\/strong> \u2192 \u0906\u092a\u093e\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0928\u0948\u0928\u094b\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bio-NEMS Devices <\/strong>\u2192 \u0926\u0935\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f : <\/strong>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0921 \u0935\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928 (UGVs) \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0935\u093e\u0908 \u0935\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928 (UAVs) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0932\u0949\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0916\u094b\u091c \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u091a\u093e\u0935 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u2192 <\/strong>\u0906\u092a\u0926\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u093e\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u0902\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0916\u094b\u091c\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong> \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u094b\u0939\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u2192 <\/strong>\u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u0941\u092b\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0941\u091f\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e (Defence) \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u2192 <\/strong>\u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0932\u0917\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0936\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 : <\/strong>\u0916\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u0925\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0948\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 : SWORDS (\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0936\u0932 \u0935\u0947\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0938 \u0911\u092c\u094d\u091c\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0928\u0947\u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0921\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092b\u093e\u092f\u0930\u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 : <\/strong>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923- <strong>TEC800<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image96.png\" alt=\"Scientific and technological advancements\" class=\"wp-image-140081\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0921\u0940 (Robotic Buddy)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092c\u0939\u0941\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940\u092f \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>15 \u0915\u093f\u0932\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u091c\u0928 \u0909\u0920\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u091f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Autonomous Weaponized Boat Swarms<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&nbsp;\u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;\u0939\u0925\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0948\u0938<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0917\u0936\u094d\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u091f\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0928 (RoboSen)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&nbsp;DRDO \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;\u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u094b\u0939\u0940 (Reconnaissance) \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 UGVs \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0949\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0940-\u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0932\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u0917\u094d\u0921 \u0907\u0915\u094d\u0935\u093f\u092a\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f&nbsp; (MULE)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&nbsp;-40\u00b0C \u0938\u0947 +55\u00b0C \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u092e \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u0940\u0922\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930 \u0922\u093e\u0932 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>15 \u0915\u093f\u0932\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0921 \u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ROV \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092c\u092e \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u093f\u092e\u094b\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0939\u0928<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938-\u0930\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u093c\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0916\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0947\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"680\" height=\"451\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image70-1.png\" alt=\"Scientific and technological advancements\" class=\"wp-image-140083\" style=\"width:400px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image70-1.png 680w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image70-1-600x398.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image70-1-300x199.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 (Material Handling) : <\/strong>Kiva Systems (\u0905\u092c Amazon Robotics) \u2192 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0928 \u0917\u094b\u0926\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0948\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092f\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u092e\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0935\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 (Welding) : FANUC Arc Mate Series <\/strong>&#8211; \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u0935\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0911\u091f\u094b\u092e\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image84.png\" alt=\"Scientific and technological advancements\" class=\"wp-image-140086\" style=\"width:400px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image84.png 500w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image84-300x216.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0938\u0947\u0902\u092c\u0932\u0940 (Assembly) : <\/strong>Systemantics \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f (Cobots) \u2192 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0911\u091f\u094b\u092e\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0935, \u0908-\u0915\u0949\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0928\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sastra Robotics&#8217; Testing Arms : \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u2794 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u094b 256 \u0926\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0918\u091f\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 15 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0932\u0949\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Grey Orange Robots<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>\u2794&nbsp; \u0917\u094b\u0926\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u091b\u0901\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u0949\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2794 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"548\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image28-4-1024x548.png\" alt=\"Scientific and technological advancements\" class=\"wp-image-140089\" style=\"width:400px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image28-4-1024x548.png 1024w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image28-4-600x321.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image28-4-300x161.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image28-4-768x411.png 768w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image28-4-1536x822.png 1536w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image28-4.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Niqo Robotics&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u091c\u094b \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u0940\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u091b\u093f\u0921\u093c\u0915\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092b\u0938\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0915\u0940\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 60% \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u092b\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0916\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0935&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bandicoot by Genrobotics : <\/strong>\u092e\u0948\u0928\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0948\u0935\u0947\u0902\u091c\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0940\u0935\u0930 \u0938\u092b\u093e\u0908 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u0964 \u091c\u094b\u0916\u093f\u092e \u092d\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u092b\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0921\u0930\u0935\u093e\u091f\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 (Underwater Robotics)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gridbots Technologies&#8217; Underwater Robot : <\/strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091f\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0938\u092b\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924, \u0905\u092c \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0906\u092a\u0926\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092c\u094b\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0932 \u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f: \u092c\u094b\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u0902\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e: \u0915\u0948\u092e\u0930\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0948\u0938, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u092b\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0928 (\u092a\u0902\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 )<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917: \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0915\u0932\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0902\u091f\u0928\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0947\u0930\u0932 \u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917: \u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0948\u092a\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0939\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u0902\u0915\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0907\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0928\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0917\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u092b\u0902\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0927-\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u2192 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0947\u0932 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0911\u0932-\u091f\u0947\u0930\u0947\u0928 \u092b\u093e\u092f\u0930\u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e: \u0935\u093e\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0948\u0928\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0948\u0938, \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u0940\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0907\u0932\u093e\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0917 \u092c\u0941\u091d\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0901&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>&nbsp;\u0915\u091a\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 :<\/strong> \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0915\u091a\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092c\u0902\u0926\u0940\u0915\u0942\u091f (\u091c\u0947\u0928\u0930\u094b\u092c\u0949\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e ): <\/strong>\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f: \u092e\u0948\u0928\u0939\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e: \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0906\u0908-\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 :<\/strong> \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927 \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0925\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u0948\u0928\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928:<\/strong> <strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0939\u0928 (Autonomous Vehicles):<\/strong> \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u093e\u0935 \u0932\u093e\u090f\u0902\u0917\u0947, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u092b\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Miscellaneous&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sophia (Hanson Robotics)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>AI \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0902\u092c\u0947\u0938\u0921\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>EyeROV TUNA<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0921\u0930\u0935\u093e\u091f\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u092e\u094b\u091f\u0932\u0940 \u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0935\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0915\u0932 (ROV) \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a-\u091c\u0932\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0939 100 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092c\u093e\u0901\u0927\u094b\u0902, \u092a\u0941\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0947\u0932 \u092a\u093e\u0907\u092a\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mini Mitra (Invento Robotics)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0935\u0930\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f, \u091c\u094b \u0917\u093f\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092c\u093e\u0924\u091a\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Miko<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 IoT \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0925\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u091c\u094b AI \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0932\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Vyomitra (\u0935\u094d\u092f\u094b\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u094b\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0928\u0949\u0907\u0921 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 (ISRO) \u0928\u0947 \u0917\u0917\u0928\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928, \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0909\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 &#8220;\u0935\u094d\u092f\u094b\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930&#8221; \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 &#8220;\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0964&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-background\" style=\"background-color:#0270ba59;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0939\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924:<\/strong> \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0907\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2192 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901:<\/strong> AI, \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928 \u0932\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u092c\u0928 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917:<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0940\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0923\u0940 \u092c\u0928 \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930:<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0928\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915\u0924\u093e: <\/strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0928\u090f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u094c\u0915\u0930\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0916\u094b\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092c\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u092f\u0928 (Upskilling Workforce): <\/strong>\u0928\u090f \u0915\u094c\u0936\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0921\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0921\u0947\u0902\u0921 : <\/strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 1% \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u2192 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 0.1% \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Streamlining Processes): <\/strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0905\u092c \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 (Manufacturing) \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0949\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938, \u0921\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0907\u0935\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092a\u0948\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092c\u0932 :<\/strong> 2021 \u0924\u0915, \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e 33,220 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0907\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0925\u0940, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0947\u0936\u0947\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 : <\/strong>&nbsp;\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u092e\u0939\u0902\u0917\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0918\u0928\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 10,000 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 3 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u091a\u0940\u0928 (505) \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (2,589) \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e :<\/strong> \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 (R&amp;D) \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 <\/strong>: \u0915\u0908 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092e\u094c\u091c\u0942\u0926\u093e \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0928\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u092e \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940: <\/strong>&#8220;\u092e\u0947\u0915 \u0907\u0928 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e&#8221; \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u094c\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0922\u093e\u0901\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 :<\/strong> \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940, \u091c\u094b \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e \u0921\u093e\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u093e\u0935 : <\/strong>\u0928\u0908 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u0915\u094c\u0936\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 (Upskilling &amp; Reskilling) \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0964 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0928\u094c\u0915\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e : <\/strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u094c\u0915\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Job Polarization) \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u094b\u0916\u093f\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0936\u0902\u0915\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0942<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927<\/strong>: \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u0906\u0936\u0902\u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0928\u094c\u0915\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u091b\u093f\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0921\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e (Economic Divide)<\/strong>: \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928-\u0906\u092f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u094c\u0915\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u0906\u092f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b\u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 (\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f)\u0964 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u093e\u092d \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 : <\/strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u092a\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0908-\u0915\u091a\u0930\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0917\u094b\u092a\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947 <\/strong>: \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u094b\u092a\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0935\u093e\u092c\u0926\u0947\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902: <\/strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948, \u0916\u093e\u0938\u0915\u0930 \u0939\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0925\u0915\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u092e\u094d \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u090f\u0932\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0930\u093f\u0926\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 (Algorithmic Bias): <\/strong>AI-\u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f, \u092f\u0926\u093f \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092a\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0947 \u092d\u0947\u0926\u092d\u093e\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background has-medium-font-size\"><strong>FAQ (Previous year questions)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:10px;}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;background:#ffffff;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-top-left-radius:6px;border-top-right-radius:6px;border-bottom-right-radius:6px;border-bottom-left-radius:6px;background:#f2f2f2;color:#555555;padding-top:14px;padding-right:16px;padding-bottom:14px;padding-left:16px;}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{color:#444444;background:#eeeeee;border-top-color:#eeeeee;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#eeeeee;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#eeeeee;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#eeeeee;border-left-style:solid;}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion--visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#eeeeee;}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{color:var(--ast-global-color-8);background:#f1ad71;border-top-color:#BE530B;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#BE530B;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#BE530B;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#BE530B;border-left-style:solid;}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:var(--ast-global-color-8);}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:var(--ast-global-color-8);}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f1ad71;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:0px solid #f2f2f2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top-color:#eeeeee;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#eeeeee;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#eeeeee;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#eeeeee;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top-color:#BE530B;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#BE530B;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#BE530B;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#BE530B;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:10px;}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:0px solid #f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top-color:#eeeeee;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#eeeeee;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#eeeeee;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#eeeeee;border-left-style:solid;}.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top-color:#BE530B;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#BE530B;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#BE530B;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#BE530B;border-left-style:solid;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id141024_34530c-e9 kt-accordion-has-2-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-basic kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"false\" data-start-open=\"0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-1 kt-pane141024_9742c3-da\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>\u0930\u0940\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0964 \u0915\u094b\u0935\u093f\u0921-19 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0930\u091f\u0940-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u091f\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u2018\u0938\u0940\u091f\u0940 \u0935\u0948\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942&#8217; \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 10 M, 2021)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p><strong>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e &#8211; \u092a\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092e\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c \u091a\u0947\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 (RT-PCR)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932-\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e PCR (RT-PCR)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0923\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>RNA \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0938\u094b\u0902<\/strong> (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 SARS-CoV-2) \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>RT-PCR \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>RT-PCR, <strong>\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0936\u0928 (RT)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092a\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092e\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c \u091a\u0947\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 (PCR)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 RNA \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 RNA \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 <strong>\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0938 \u090f\u0902\u091c\u093e\u0907\u092e<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u0949\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0940\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0940 DNA (cDNA)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092b\u093f\u0930 PCR \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 cDNA \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0905\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0906\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 (amplify)<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932-\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e PCR, <strong>\u092b\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0921\u093e\u0908 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0949\u092c\u094d\u0938<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0906\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932-\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915<\/strong> \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0909\u091f\u092a\u0941\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948: <strong>\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u0932 \u0925\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0921 (Ct) \u0935\u0948\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942<\/strong>\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 \u0906\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0906\u0930\u091f\u0940-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ct (\u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e, Cycle Threshold) \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u0938 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092b\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0926\u093e\u0928, \u0930\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u0917\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f, \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928:<\/strong> \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 \u0932\u094b\u0921, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0928\u092e\u0942\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 RNA \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 \u0932\u094b\u0921 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u091a\u0930\u0923\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u0932\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903, \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0949\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 35 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0906\u0930\u091f\u0940-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 COVID-19 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0940\u0918\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0932\u0917\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0917\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-2 kt-pane141024_ea8cab-f7\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>\u0908-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0908-\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0964<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 20 M, 2013)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 (IT)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 <strong>\u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930, \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930, \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/strong>, \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f <strong>\u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c\u093c, \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092f\u0941\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 <strong>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924\u093e, \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e, \u0938\u0941\u0932\u092d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0908-\u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923:<\/strong> \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0908-\u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f ( e-Gov), \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092e\u0902\u0917 \u0910\u092a \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930, \u092a\u0948\u0928, \u092a\u093e\u0938\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0935\u093e\u092c\u0926\u0947\u0939\u0940:<\/strong> RTI \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928, \u092e\u093e\u092f\u0917\u0935 (MyGov) \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u092a\u0940\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0938 (CPGRAMS) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0935\u093e\u092c\u0926\u0947\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e:<\/strong> \u0908-\u0911\u092b\u093f\u0938, SPARROW (\u0938\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f), \u0914\u0930 \u0908-\u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0915\u093e\u0917\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0924\u0947\u091c \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928:<\/strong> \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 (PFMS) \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 (DBT) \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935-\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928 \/ \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940:<\/strong> \u0915\u0949\u092e\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930 (CSC) \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u091b\u094b\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0938:<\/strong> \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e, \u0906\u092a\u0926\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 GIS, \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u090f\u0928\u093e\u0932\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 AI \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0964 <strong>\u0908-\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0923\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0908-\u0915\u0949\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0938:<\/strong> \u0905\u092e\u0947\u091c\u0928, \u092b\u094d\u0932\u093f\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 GeM (\u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0908-\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0938) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0928\u0947 \u0916\u0941\u0926\u0930\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u0926 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0932\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 (SMEs) \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928:<\/strong> \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0935\u0949\u0932\u0947\u091f (\u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940\u090f\u092e, \u092b\u094b\u0928\u092a\u0947), UPI \u0914\u0930 BHIM \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u094d\u0935\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u0947\u0928-\u0926\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0915\u0948\u0936\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091c\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0938\u0939\u092d\u093e\u0917\u093f\u0924\u093e:<\/strong> AI \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0917 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u092b\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936\u094b\u0902, \u091a\u0948\u091f\u092c\u0949\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0932\u0949\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0936\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e:<\/strong> IoT, \u092c\u094d\u0932\u0949\u0915\u091a\u0947\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0917 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0927\u094b\u0916\u093e\u0927\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0925\u093e\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f-\u0905\u092a \u0907\u0915\u094b\u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e:<\/strong> IT \u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093c\u094b\u092e\u0948\u091f\u094b, \u0913\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 Byju\u2019s \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0905\u092a\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0908-\u0915\u0949\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0938\u0940:<\/strong> \u0935\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917 (\u091c\u093c\u0942\u092e, \u0935\u0947\u092c\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938, \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f \u091f\u0940\u092e\u094d\u0938), \u0935\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u0938 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 G20, \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938), \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0938\u0940:<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0941\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 UN IGF \u0914\u0930 ICANN \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0902\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u092c\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0948\u0938\u0940:<\/strong> \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932 \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u091f\u094d\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0938\u0940) \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0926\u0942\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902:<\/strong> \u0908-\u0935\u0940\u091c\u093e, \u092a\u093e\u0938\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0938\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928:<\/strong> IT \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 COVID-19 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0906\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0938\u092e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0902\u0926\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0905\u092a\u0921\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0938, \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936)\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940<\/strong><strong>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930, \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 (Key Enabler) \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 <strong>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0940, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924<\/strong> \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b <strong>\u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u093c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1752914573920\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>\u0930\u0940\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0964 \u0915\u094b\u0935\u093f\u0921-19 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0930\u091f\u0940-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u091f\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u2018\u0938\u0940\u091f\u0940 \u0935\u0948\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942&#8217; \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 10 M, 2021)<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><strong>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e &#8211; \u092a\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092e\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c \u091a\u0947\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 (RT-PCR)<\/strong><br\/><strong>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932-\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e PCR (RT-PCR)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0923\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>RNA \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0938\u094b\u0902<\/strong> (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 SARS-CoV-2) \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>RT-PCR \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e:<\/strong> RT-PCR, <strong>\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0936\u0928 (RT)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092a\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092e\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c \u091a\u0947\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 (PCR)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 RNA \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 RNA \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 <strong>\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0938 \u090f\u0902\u091c\u093e\u0907\u092e<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u0949\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0940\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0940 DNA (cDNA)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u092b\u093f\u0930 PCR \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 cDNA \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0905\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0906\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 (amplify)<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932-\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e PCR, <strong>\u092b\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0921\u093e\u0908 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0949\u092c\u094d\u0938<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0906\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932-\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915<\/strong> \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0909\u091f\u092a\u0941\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948: <strong>\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u0932 \u0925\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0921 (Ct) \u0935\u0948\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942<\/strong>\u0964<br\/>\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 \u0906\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0906\u0930\u091f\u0940-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928<\/strong><br\/>Ct (\u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e, Cycle Threshold) \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u0938 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092b\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0926\u093e\u0928, \u0930\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u0917\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f, \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928:<\/strong> \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 \u0932\u094b\u0921, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0928\u092e\u0942\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 RNA \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 \u0932\u094b\u0921 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u091a\u0930\u0923\u0964<br\/>Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u0932\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903, \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0949\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 35 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0906\u0930\u091f\u0940-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 COVID-19 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0940\u0918\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0932\u0917\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0917\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1752914575729\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>\u0908-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0908-\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0964<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 20 M, 2013)<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">\u00a0<strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 (IT)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 <strong>\u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930, \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930, \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/strong>, \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f <strong>\u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c\u093c, \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092f\u0941\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 <strong>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924\u093e, \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e, \u0938\u0941\u0932\u092d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><br\/><strong>\u0908-\u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong><br\/><strong>\u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923:<\/strong> \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0908-\u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f ( e-Gov), \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092e\u0902\u0917 \u0910\u092a \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930, \u092a\u0948\u0928, \u092a\u093e\u0938\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0935\u093e\u092c\u0926\u0947\u0939\u0940:<\/strong> RTI \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928, \u092e\u093e\u092f\u0917\u0935 (MyGov) \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u092a\u0940\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0938 (CPGRAMS) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0935\u093e\u092c\u0926\u0947\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e:<\/strong> \u0908-\u0911\u092b\u093f\u0938, SPARROW (\u0938\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f), \u0914\u0930 \u0908-\u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0915\u093e\u0917\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0924\u0947\u091c \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928:<\/strong> \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 (PFMS) \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 (DBT) \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935-\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928 \/ \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940:<\/strong> \u0915\u0949\u092e\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930 (CSC) \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u091b\u094b\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0938:<\/strong> \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e, \u0906\u092a\u0926\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 GIS, \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u090f\u0928\u093e\u0932\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 AI \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0964 <strong>\u0908-\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0923\u0964<br\/><br\/><br\/><strong>\u0908-\u0915\u0949\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong><br\/><strong>\u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0938:<\/strong> \u0905\u092e\u0947\u091c\u0928, \u092b\u094d\u0932\u093f\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 GeM (\u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0908-\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0938) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0928\u0947 \u0916\u0941\u0926\u0930\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u0926 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0932\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 (SMEs) \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928:<\/strong> \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0935\u0949\u0932\u0947\u091f (\u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940\u090f\u092e, \u092b\u094b\u0928\u092a\u0947), UPI \u0914\u0930 BHIM \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u094d\u0935\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u0947\u0928-\u0926\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0915\u0948\u0936\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091c\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0938\u0939\u092d\u093e\u0917\u093f\u0924\u093e:<\/strong> AI \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0917 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u092b\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936\u094b\u0902, \u091a\u0948\u091f\u092c\u0949\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0932\u0949\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0936\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e:<\/strong> IoT, \u092c\u094d\u0932\u0949\u0915\u091a\u0947\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0917 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0927\u094b\u0916\u093e\u0927\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0925\u093e\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f-\u0905\u092a \u0907\u0915\u094b\u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e:<\/strong> IT \u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093c\u094b\u092e\u0948\u091f\u094b, \u0913\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 Byju\u2019s \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0905\u092a\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0908-\u0915\u0949\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><br\/><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong><br\/><strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0938\u0940:<\/strong> \u0935\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917 (\u091c\u093c\u0942\u092e, \u0935\u0947\u092c\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938, \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f \u091f\u0940\u092e\u094d\u0938), \u0935\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u0938 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 G20, \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938), \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0938\u0940:<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0941\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 UN IGF \u0914\u0930 ICANN \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0902\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u092a\u092c\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0948\u0938\u0940:<\/strong> \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932 \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u091f\u094d\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0938\u0940) \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0926\u0942\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902:<\/strong> \u0908-\u0935\u0940\u091c\u093e, \u092a\u093e\u0938\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0938\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928:<\/strong> IT \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 COVID-19 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0906\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0938\u092e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0902\u0926\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0905\u092a\u0921\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0938, \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936)\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940<\/strong> <strong>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930, \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 (Key Enabler) \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 <strong>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0940, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924<\/strong> \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b <strong>\u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u093c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u0908 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0902\u0915 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"parent":70889,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"right-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-141024","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f - Connect Civils<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938, \u0928\u0948\u0928\u094b \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915, \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901\u0964\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hi_IN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f - Connect Civils\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938, \u0928\u0948\u0928\u094b \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915, \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901\u0964\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Connect Civils\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Rasexam16\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-07-19T08:45:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image13-6.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"780\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"199\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@rajras16\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"26 \u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":[\"WebPage\",\"FAQPage\"],\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/\",\"name\":\"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f - Connect Civils\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image13-6.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-13T12:01:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-07-19T08:45:28+00:00\",\"description\":\"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938, \u0928\u0948\u0928\u094b \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915, \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901\u0964\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#breadcrumb\"},\"mainEntity\":[{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#faq-question-1752914573920\"},{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#faq-question-1752914575729\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image13-6.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image13-6.png\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"RAS 2024 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902: \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e, \u0924\u093f\u0925\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902, \u092a\u093e\u0920\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"RAS \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930\u0940\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"\u0906\u0930\u090f\u090f\u0938 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u0947\u092a\u0930 2\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":5,\"name\":\"Science &amp; Tech\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":6,\"name\":\"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/\",\"name\":\"RajRAS\",\"description\":\"Rajasthan RAS 2021 | Assistant Professor Exam | Police SI GK Preparation\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/#organization\",\"name\":\"RajRAS Edu Services\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/RajRAS-Logo-2.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/RajRAS-Logo-2.png\",\"width\":150,\"height\":76,\"caption\":\"RajRAS Edu Services\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Rasexam16\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/rajras16\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/rajras16\/\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/rajras\/\",\"https:\/\/in.pinterest.com\/rajasthanras\/\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UC4SzIBtIwirMtxcGWgiJ85g\"]},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#faq-question-1752914573920\",\"position\":1,\"url\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#faq-question-1752914573920\",\"name\":\"\u0930\u0940\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0964 \u0915\u094b\u0935\u093f\u0921-19 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0930\u091f\u0940-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u091f\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u2018\u0938\u0940\u091f\u0940 \u0935\u0948\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942' \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948? (\u0905\u0902\u0915 - 10 M, 2021)\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<strong>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e - \u092a\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092e\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c \u091a\u0947\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 (RT-PCR)<\/strong><br\/><strong>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932-\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e PCR (RT-PCR)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0923\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>RNA \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0938\u094b\u0902<\/strong> (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 SARS-CoV-2) \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>RT-PCR \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e:<\/strong> RT-PCR, <strong>\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0936\u0928 (RT)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092a\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092e\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c \u091a\u0947\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 (PCR)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 RNA \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 RNA \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 <strong>\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0938 \u090f\u0902\u091c\u093e\u0907\u092e<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u0949\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0940\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0940 DNA (cDNA)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u092b\u093f\u0930 PCR \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 cDNA \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0905\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0906\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 (amplify)<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932-\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e PCR, <strong>\u092b\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0921\u093e\u0908 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0949\u092c\u094d\u0938<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0906\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932-\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915<\/strong> \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0909\u091f\u092a\u0941\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948: <strong>\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u0932 \u0925\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0921 (Ct) \u0935\u0948\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942<\/strong>\u0964<br\/>\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 \u0906\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0906\u0930\u091f\u0940-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928<\/strong><br\/>Ct (\u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e, Cycle Threshold) \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u0938 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092b\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0926\u093e\u0928, \u0930\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u0917\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f, \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928:<\/strong> \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 \u0932\u094b\u0921, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0928\u092e\u0942\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 RNA \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 \u0932\u094b\u0921 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u091a\u0930\u0923\u0964<br\/>Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u0932\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903, \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0949\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 35 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0906\u0930\u091f\u0940-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 COVID-19 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0940\u0918\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0932\u0917\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0917\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\",\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#faq-question-1752914575729\",\"position\":2,\"url\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#faq-question-1752914575729\",\"name\":\"\u0908-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0908-\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0964 (\u0905\u0902\u0915 - 20 M, 2013)\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"\u00a0<strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 (IT)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 <strong>\u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930, \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930, \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/strong>, \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f <strong>\u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c\u093c, \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092f\u0941\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 <strong>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924\u093e, \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e, \u0938\u0941\u0932\u092d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><br\/><strong>\u0908-\u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong><br\/><strong>\u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923:<\/strong> \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0908-\u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f ( e-Gov), \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092e\u0902\u0917 \u0910\u092a \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930, \u092a\u0948\u0928, \u092a\u093e\u0938\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0935\u093e\u092c\u0926\u0947\u0939\u0940:<\/strong> RTI \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928, \u092e\u093e\u092f\u0917\u0935 (MyGov) \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u092a\u0940\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0938 (CPGRAMS) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0935\u093e\u092c\u0926\u0947\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e:<\/strong> \u0908-\u0911\u092b\u093f\u0938, SPARROW (\u0938\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f), \u0914\u0930 \u0908-\u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0915\u093e\u0917\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0924\u0947\u091c \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928:<\/strong> \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 (PFMS) \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 (DBT) \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935-\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928 \/ \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940:<\/strong> \u0915\u0949\u092e\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930 (CSC) \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u091b\u094b\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0938:<\/strong> \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e, \u0906\u092a\u0926\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 GIS, \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u090f\u0928\u093e\u0932\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 AI \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0964 <strong>\u0908-\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0923\u0964<br\/><br\/><br\/><strong>\u0908-\u0915\u0949\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong><br\/><strong>\u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0938:<\/strong> \u0905\u092e\u0947\u091c\u0928, \u092b\u094d\u0932\u093f\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 GeM (\u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0908-\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0938) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0928\u0947 \u0916\u0941\u0926\u0930\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u0926 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0932\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 (SMEs) \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928:<\/strong> \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0935\u0949\u0932\u0947\u091f (\u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940\u090f\u092e, \u092b\u094b\u0928\u092a\u0947), UPI \u0914\u0930 BHIM \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u094d\u0935\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u0947\u0928-\u0926\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0915\u0948\u0936\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091c\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0938\u0939\u092d\u093e\u0917\u093f\u0924\u093e:<\/strong> AI \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0917 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u092b\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936\u094b\u0902, \u091a\u0948\u091f\u092c\u0949\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0932\u0949\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0936\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e:<\/strong> IoT, \u092c\u094d\u0932\u0949\u0915\u091a\u0947\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0917 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0927\u094b\u0916\u093e\u0927\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0925\u093e\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f-\u0905\u092a \u0907\u0915\u094b\u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e:<\/strong> IT \u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093c\u094b\u092e\u0948\u091f\u094b, \u0913\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 Byju\u2019s \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0905\u092a\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0908-\u0915\u0949\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><br\/><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong><br\/><strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0938\u0940:<\/strong> \u0935\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917 (\u091c\u093c\u0942\u092e, \u0935\u0947\u092c\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938, \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f \u091f\u0940\u092e\u094d\u0938), \u0935\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u0938 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 G20, \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938), \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0938\u0940:<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0941\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 UN IGF \u0914\u0930 ICANN \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0902\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u092a\u092c\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0948\u0938\u0940:<\/strong> \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932 \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u091f\u094d\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0938\u0940) \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0926\u0942\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902:<\/strong> \u0908-\u0935\u0940\u091c\u093e, \u092a\u093e\u0938\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0938\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928:<\/strong> IT \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 COVID-19 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0906\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0938\u092e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0902\u0926\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0905\u092a\u0921\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0938, \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936)\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940<\/strong> <strong>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930, \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 (Key Enabler) \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 <strong>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0940, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924<\/strong> \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b <strong>\u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u093c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0939\u0948\u0964\",\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f - Connect Civils","description":"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938, \u0928\u0948\u0928\u094b \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915, \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901\u0964","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/","og_locale":"hi_IN","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f - Connect Civils","og_description":"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938, \u0928\u0948\u0928\u094b \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915, \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901\u0964","og_url":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/","og_site_name":"Connect Civils","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Rasexam16","article_modified_time":"2025-07-19T08:45:28+00:00","og_image":[{"width":780,"height":199,"url":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image13-6.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@rajras16","twitter_misc":{"\u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f":"26 \u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":["WebPage","FAQPage"],"@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/","url":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/","name":"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f - Connect Civils","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image13-6.png","datePublished":"2025-06-13T12:01:36+00:00","dateModified":"2025-07-19T08:45:28+00:00","description":"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938, \u0928\u0948\u0928\u094b \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915, \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901\u0964","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#breadcrumb"},"mainEntity":[{"@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#faq-question-1752914573920"},{"@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#faq-question-1752914575729"}],"inLanguage":"hi-IN","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"hi-IN","@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image13-6.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image13-6.png"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"RAS 2024 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902: \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e, \u0924\u093f\u0925\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902, \u092a\u093e\u0920\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e","item":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"RAS \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930\u0940","item":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"\u0906\u0930\u090f\u090f\u0938 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u0947\u092a\u0930 2","item":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"name":"Science &amp; Tech","item":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":6,"name":"\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/#website","url":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/","name":"RajRAS","description":"Rajasthan RAS 2021 | Assistant Professor Exam | Police SI GK Preparation","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"hi-IN"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/#organization","name":"RajRAS Edu Services","url":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"hi-IN","@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/RajRAS-Logo-2.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/RajRAS-Logo-2.png","width":150,"height":76,"caption":"RajRAS Edu Services"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Rasexam16","https:\/\/x.com\/rajras16","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/rajras16\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/rajras\/","https:\/\/in.pinterest.com\/rajasthanras\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UC4SzIBtIwirMtxcGWgiJ85g"]},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#faq-question-1752914573920","position":1,"url":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#faq-question-1752914573920","name":"\u0930\u0940\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0964 \u0915\u094b\u0935\u093f\u0921-19 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0930\u091f\u0940-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u091f\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u2018\u0938\u0940\u091f\u0940 \u0935\u0948\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942' \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948? (\u0905\u0902\u0915 - 10 M, 2021)","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<strong>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e - \u092a\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092e\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c \u091a\u0947\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 (RT-PCR)<\/strong><br\/><strong>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932-\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e PCR (RT-PCR)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0923\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>RNA \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0938\u094b\u0902<\/strong> (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 SARS-CoV-2) \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>RT-PCR \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e:<\/strong> RT-PCR, <strong>\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0936\u0928 (RT)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092a\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092e\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c \u091a\u0947\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 (PCR)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 RNA \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 RNA \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 <strong>\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0938 \u090f\u0902\u091c\u093e\u0907\u092e<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u0949\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0940\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0940 DNA (cDNA)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u092b\u093f\u0930 PCR \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 cDNA \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0905\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0906\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 (amplify)<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932-\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e PCR, <strong>\u092b\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0921\u093e\u0908 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0949\u092c\u094d\u0938<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0906\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932-\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915<\/strong> \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0909\u091f\u092a\u0941\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948: <strong>\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u0932 \u0925\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0921 (Ct) \u0935\u0948\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942<\/strong>\u0964<br\/>\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 \u0906\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0906\u0930\u091f\u0940-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928<\/strong><br\/>Ct (\u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e, Cycle Threshold) \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u0938 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092b\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0926\u093e\u0928, \u0930\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u0917\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f, \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928:<\/strong> \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 \u0932\u094b\u0921, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0928\u092e\u0942\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 RNA \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0932 \u0932\u094b\u0921 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u091a\u0930\u0923\u0964<br\/>Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u0932\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903, \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0949\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 35 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>Ct \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0906\u0930\u091f\u0940-\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 COVID-19 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0940\u0918\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0932\u0917\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0917\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964","inLanguage":"hi-IN"},"inLanguage":"hi-IN"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#faq-question-1752914575729","position":2,"url":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-2\/science-tech\/scientific-and-technological-advancements\/#faq-question-1752914575729","name":"\u0908-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0908-\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0964 (\u0905\u0902\u0915 - 20 M, 2013)","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u00a0<strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 (IT)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 <strong>\u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930, \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930, \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/strong>, \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f <strong>\u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c\u093c, \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092f\u0941\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 <strong>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924\u093e, \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e, \u0938\u0941\u0932\u092d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><br\/><strong>\u0908-\u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong><br\/><strong>\u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923:<\/strong> \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0908-\u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f ( e-Gov), \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092e\u0902\u0917 \u0910\u092a \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930, \u092a\u0948\u0928, \u092a\u093e\u0938\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0935\u093e\u092c\u0926\u0947\u0939\u0940:<\/strong> RTI \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928, \u092e\u093e\u092f\u0917\u0935 (MyGov) \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u092a\u0940\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0938 (CPGRAMS) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0935\u093e\u092c\u0926\u0947\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e:<\/strong> \u0908-\u0911\u092b\u093f\u0938, SPARROW (\u0938\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f), \u0914\u0930 \u0908-\u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0915\u093e\u0917\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0924\u0947\u091c \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928:<\/strong> \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 (PFMS) \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 (DBT) \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935-\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928 \/ \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940:<\/strong> \u0915\u0949\u092e\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930 (CSC) \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u091b\u094b\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0938:<\/strong> \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e, \u0906\u092a\u0926\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 GIS, \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u090f\u0928\u093e\u0932\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 AI \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0964 <strong>\u0908-\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0923\u0964<br\/><br\/><br\/><strong>\u0908-\u0915\u0949\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong><br\/><strong>\u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0938:<\/strong> \u0905\u092e\u0947\u091c\u0928, \u092b\u094d\u0932\u093f\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 GeM (\u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0908-\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0938) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0928\u0947 \u0916\u0941\u0926\u0930\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u0926 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0932\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 (SMEs) \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928:<\/strong> \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0935\u0949\u0932\u0947\u091f (\u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940\u090f\u092e, \u092b\u094b\u0928\u092a\u0947), UPI \u0914\u0930 BHIM \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u094d\u0935\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u0947\u0928-\u0926\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0915\u0948\u0936\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091c\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0938\u0939\u092d\u093e\u0917\u093f\u0924\u093e:<\/strong> AI \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0917 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u092b\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936\u094b\u0902, \u091a\u0948\u091f\u092c\u0949\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0932\u0949\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0936\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e:<\/strong> IoT, \u092c\u094d\u0932\u0949\u0915\u091a\u0947\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0917 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0927\u094b\u0916\u093e\u0927\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0925\u093e\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f-\u0905\u092a \u0907\u0915\u094b\u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e:<\/strong> IT \u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093c\u094b\u092e\u0948\u091f\u094b, \u0913\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 Byju\u2019s \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0905\u092a\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0908-\u0915\u0949\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><br\/><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong><br\/><strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0938\u0940:<\/strong> \u0935\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917 (\u091c\u093c\u0942\u092e, \u0935\u0947\u092c\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938, \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f \u091f\u0940\u092e\u094d\u0938), \u0935\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u0938 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 G20, \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938), \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0938\u0940:<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0941\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 UN IGF \u0914\u0930 ICANN \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0902\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u092a\u092c\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0948\u0938\u0940:<\/strong> \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932 \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u091f\u094d\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0938\u0940) \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0926\u0942\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902:<\/strong> \u0908-\u0935\u0940\u091c\u093e, \u092a\u093e\u0938\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0938\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928:<\/strong> IT \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 COVID-19 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0906\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0938\u092e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0902\u0926\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0905\u092a\u0921\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0938, \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936)\u0964<br\/><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940<\/strong> <strong>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930, \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 (Key Enabler) \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 <strong>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0940, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924<\/strong> \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b <strong>\u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u093c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0939\u0948\u0964","inLanguage":"hi-IN"},"inLanguage":"hi-IN"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/141024","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=141024"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/141024\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/70889"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=141024"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}