{"id":137013,"date":"2025-04-30T00:07:12","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T18:37:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/?page_id=137013"},"modified":"2025-07-17T17:51:51","modified_gmt":"2025-07-17T12:21:51","slug":"learning-and-motivation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e<\/strong> \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f <em><a href=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/\">\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930<\/a><\/em> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0906\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u092e \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 (\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e) \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (\u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e)\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u092e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id137013_e03967-c8 .kb-table-of-content-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);background-color:var(--ast-global-color-6);border-top:1px solid transparent;border-right:1px solid transparent;border-bottom:1px solid transparent;border-left:1px solid transparent;border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;}.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id137013_e03967-c8 .kb-table-of-contents-title-wrap{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id137013_e03967-c8 .kb-table-of-contents-title{font-weight:regular;font-style:normal;}.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id137013_e03967-c8 .kb-table-of-content-wrap .kb-table-of-content-list{font-weight:regular;font-style:normal;margin-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id137013_e03967-c8 .kb-toggle-icon-style-basiccircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:after, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id137013_e03967-c8 .kb-toggle-icon-style-basiccircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:before, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id137013_e03967-c8 .kb-toggle-icon-style-arrowcircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:after, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id137013_e03967-c8 .kb-toggle-icon-style-arrowcircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:before, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id137013_e03967-c8 .kb-toggle-icon-style-xclosecircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:after, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id137013_e03967-c8 .kb-toggle-icon-style-xclosecircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:before{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id137013_e03967-c8 .kb-table-of-content-wrap{border-top:1px solid transparent;border-right:1px solid transparent;border-bottom:1px solid transparent;border-left:1px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id137013_e03967-c8 .kb-table-of-content-wrap{border-top:1px solid transparent;border-right:1px solid transparent;border-bottom:1px solid transparent;border-left:1px solid transparent;}}<\/style>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0935\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/td><td>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928<\/td><td>\u0905\u0902\u0915<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2024<\/td><td>\u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 -\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ? <\/td><td>2 M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2024<\/td><td>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u0947\u092c\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ? <\/td><td>2 M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2023<\/td><td>\u091a\u093f\u0939\u0928 \u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0941\u092f\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0907\u092f\u0947\u0964<\/td><td>2M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2023<\/td><td>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0907\u092f\u0947\u0964<\/td><td>2M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2023<\/td><td>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0926\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u092f\u0947\u0964<\/td><td>2M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2021<\/td><td>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/td><td>2M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2018<\/td><td>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0932\u0947\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u200d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ?<\/td><td>2M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2016 special<\/td><td>\u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092a \u0915\u094d\u200d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?<\/td><td>2M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2016 special<\/td><td>\u090f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0939\u0949\u0938 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/td><td>2M<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948; \u091c\u092c \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094b \u091b\u0942\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0939 \u0924\u0941\u0930\u0902\u0924 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093e\u092a\u0938 \u0916\u0940\u0902\u091a \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935, \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 <strong>\u0939\u093f\u0932\u0917\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921, \u090f\u091f\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0938\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u090f\u091f\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0938\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u201c\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0941\u092a \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u090f \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0941\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/strong> \u090f\u0935\u0902 <strong>\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0942\u0924 \u092f\u093e \u0928\u0948\u092e\u0948\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 (\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u0902\u0921\u0940\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947<strong> \u0907\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0935\u0932\u094b\u0935<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0939\u092e \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u093e\u0935\u0932\u094b\u0935 \u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0915\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0930 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0940 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u0908\u0964 \u0915\u0908 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u0915\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c\u093c \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0915\u0930 \u0939\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0930 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u092d\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u092a\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u0930 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u092a\u0915 \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c\u093c \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0915\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0930 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0924\u091f\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u092a\u0915 (\u0918\u0902\u091f\u0940) \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u092a\u0915 (\u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928) \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (\u0932\u093e\u0930 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u093e) \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u092a\u0915 (\u0918\u0902\u091f\u0940) \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u092a\u0915 (\u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928) \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e&nbsp;\u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0930\u094b\u091c\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u093f\u0920\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0915\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0930 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u093e, \u092f\u093e \u091c\u092c \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0917\u0941\u092c\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c\u093c \u0938\u0947 \u0921\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0939 \u0917\u0941\u092c\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"824\" height=\"368\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image13-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-137015\" style=\"width:650px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image13-2.png 824w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image13-2-600x268.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image13-2-300x134.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image13-2-768x343.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 824px) 100vw, 824px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"790\" height=\"330\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image11-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-137029\" style=\"width:650px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image11-3.png 790w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image11-3-600x251.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image11-3-300x125.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image11-3-768x321.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 790px) 100vw, 790px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"892\" height=\"348\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image33-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-137027\" style=\"width:650px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image33-2.png 892w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image33-2-600x234.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image33-2-300x117.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image33-2-768x300.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 892px) 100vw, 892px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"790\" height=\"332\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image36-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-137031\" style=\"width:650px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image36-2.png 790w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image36-2-600x252.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image36-2-300x126.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image36-2-768x323.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 790px) 100vw, 790px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0942\u0924\/\u0928\u0948\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 (\u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0915\u0902\u0921\u0940\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"528\" height=\"458\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image27-1-1.png\" alt=\"LEARNING AND MOTIVATION\" class=\"wp-image-136774\" style=\"width:270px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image27-1-1.png 528w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image27-1-1-300x260.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 528px) 100vw, 528px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092c\u0940.\u090f\u092b. \u0938\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0928\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0942\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947, \u090f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u0916\u0947 \u091a\u0942\u0939\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u0948\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930(\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0928\u0930 \u092c\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0932\u0940\u0935\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u091c\u092c \u091a\u0942\u0939\u093e \u0906\u0915\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0940\u0935\u0930 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0924\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0917\u094b\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928, \u091a\u0942\u0939\u0947 \u0928\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0940\u0935\u0930 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0940\u0916 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0928\u0948\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 (instrumental conditioning) \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091a\u0942\u0939\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0940\u0935\u0930 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0942\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e) \u0915\u094b \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0932\u0915) \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0943\u0922\u093c \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u094b\u091c\u093c\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0917\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0948\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u201c\u0915\u0943\u092a\u092f\u093e\u201d \u0915\u0939\u0928\u093e \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u093e \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0932\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0942\u0924\/\u0928\u0948\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0907\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0935\u0932\u094b\u0935 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e<\/td><td>\u092c\u0940.\u090f\u092b. \u0938\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0928\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u092a\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/td><td>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0948\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092f\u093e &#8216;\u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0938&#8217; \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u092a\u0915 (CS) \u0914\u0930 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class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e:<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0917\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 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\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e:<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u092a \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0922\u093c \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0936 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0915\u094c\u0936\u0932 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e:<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u201c\u092b\u0932\u094b\u0902\u201d \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u091c\u092c \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u092b\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0947\u092c, \u0915\u0947\u0932\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093e, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0939 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0907\u0928 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u2018\u092b\u0932\u2019 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093f\u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0947 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0901 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0930\u0902\u0917-\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092b\u0932 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939, \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u201c\u092b\u0932\u201d \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0947\u092a\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u201c\u0917\u093e\u092f\u201d \u092f\u093e \u201c\u092e\u0947\u091c\u093c\u201d) \u092f\u093e \u0905\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u201c\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e\u201d \u092f\u093e \u201c\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u201d) \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0947\u092a\u094d\u091f \u0932\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u093c\u0930\u093f\u090f \u0939\u092e \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0906\u0938-\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-luminous-vivid-orange-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-93f58806b37b86b4a4c30f6b07168f9f\" style=\"border-radius:10px;background-color:#fcb90059;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0909\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947, \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0915\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0915\u0930, \u0905\u0915\u0947\u0932\u0947 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930, \u0924\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0941\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094b\u091a\u0915\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0942\u091d \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0930\u091f\u0915\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0915\u0930, \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092a\u0930\u0938\u0947\u092a\u094d\u091a\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u092e\u094b\u0921\u093e\u0932\u093f\u091f\u0940 (Perceptual Modality)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0939\u092e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0928\u093e, \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0928\u093e, \u091b\u0942\u0928\u093e, \u091a\u0932\u0928\u093e) \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Information Processing)<\/strong> \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0939\u092e \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094b\u091a\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092f\u093e \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 (\u090f\u0915-\u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947) \u092f\u093e \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 (\u0938\u092d\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925) \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 (Personality Patterns) <\/strong>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0924\u091a\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0939\u092e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 &#8211; \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u092c\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0928\u093e (\u092a\u0930\u0938\u0947\u092a\u094d\u091a\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u092e\u094b\u0921\u093e\u0932\u093f\u091f\u0940) \u27a1\ufe0f \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u092c\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0930\u0941\u0915\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 (\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923) \u27a1\ufe0f \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0906\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0948 (\u0930\u0941\u0915\u0928\u093e)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0936\u0948\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0908 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 <strong>\u090f\u0902\u0921\u0930\u0938\u0928 (Anderson) <\/strong>\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 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\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923: \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f, \u0935\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092a\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/td><td><strong>1.<\/strong> \u0938\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e (\u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092a\u0930 \u092b\u094b\u0915\u0938)\u0964\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923: \u0935\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0936 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>2.<\/strong> \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u0964\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 &#8211; \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/td><td><strong>2.<\/strong> \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u0964\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 &#8211; \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915, \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>3.<\/strong> \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0940\u092f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u094d\u092f\/\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0917\u092e\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 &#8211; \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u093e<\/td><td><strong>3.<\/strong> \u0909\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0917\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091c\u094b \u0905\u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0948\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0964\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 &#8211; \u0917\u0923\u093f\u0924, \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092f\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>4.<\/strong> \u092e\u094c\u0916\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u0903 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0964Ex &#8211; \u0935\u093e\u0926-\u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930<\/td><td><strong>4.<\/strong> \u0905\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e\u0964\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 &#8211; \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0947\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u094b\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>5.<\/strong> \u0905\u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 &#8211; \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093c\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>5.<\/strong> \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 &#8211; \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0905\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0943\u0939\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>6.<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0930\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/td><td><strong>6.<\/strong> \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>7.<\/strong> \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0939\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/td><td><strong>7.<\/strong> \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>8.<\/strong> \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0907\u0938 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/td><td><strong>8.<\/strong> \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u090f\u0915 <strong>\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e <\/strong>\u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0913\u0930, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0924\u092c \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0917\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916 \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u092c <strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u090f\u0915-\u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u092f\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u092b\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0940.\u090f.\u0906\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928 :&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"394\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image24-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-137050\" style=\"width:300px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image24-1.png 400w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image24-1-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image24-1-300x296.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u0940.\u090f.\u0906\u0930.\u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0936\u0948\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 <strong>\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f<\/strong>, <strong>\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f<\/strong> ,<strong>\u092a\u0920\u0928<\/strong> \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915<\/strong>, \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u0928\u0908 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964&nbsp;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 &#8211; \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u093e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u0928\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0915\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0906\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094b\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964&nbsp;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 &#8211; \u092a\u0949\u0921\u0915\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092f\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u093e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u0920\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 <\/strong>\u0915\u094b \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 &#8211; \u092a\u093e\u0920\u094d\u092f\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u093e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u091a\u0940\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u093e\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091b\u0942\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 &#8211; \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u093e (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0936\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 3D \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0922\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-luminous-vivid-orange-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-24f692253b703e413f8efb6d59b48beb\" style=\"border-radius:10px;background-color:#fcb90059;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0942\u092a<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u201c\u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940\u201d \u0932\u0948\u091f\u093f\u0928 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 <strong>\u2018\u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u2019<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 \u2018\u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u2019 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 \u201c<strong>\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e<\/strong>\u201d \u0914\u0930 \u201c\u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e\u201d \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930, \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b&nbsp; \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u091a\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091f\u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0928 ,\u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930\u0923, \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0907\u0928 \u091a\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"199\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image1-1-1024x199.png\" alt=\"\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \" class=\"wp-image-136787\" style=\"width:638px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image1-1-1024x199.png 1024w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image1-1-600x117.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image1-1-300x58.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image1-1-768x149.png 768w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image1-1.png 1038w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0941\u091f\u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0928\/\u0938\u0902\u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928 (Encoding)<\/strong> \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930\u0923\/\u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 (Storage)<\/strong> \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092d\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\/\u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093f (Retrieval)<\/strong> \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948&nbsp; <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f, \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0928 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-background\" style=\"background-color:#0270ba59;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"390\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image26-3-1024x390.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-137055\" style=\"width:788px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image26-3-1024x390.png 1024w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image26-3-600x229.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image26-3-300x114.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image26-3-768x293.png 768w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image26-3.png 1092w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915\/\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u091a\u0947\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u092e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915 \u0939\u0948&nbsp; \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947, \u092e\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0928\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u090f\u091f\u0940\u090f\u092e \u092a\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0926\u0902\u0921 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947, \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0906\u092a 10 \u0905\u0902\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0938 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0906\u092a \u092b\u093c\u094b\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947,&nbsp;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Connection center \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f: &#8220;\u092c\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947\u0902, \u0926\u094b \u092c\u094d\u0932\u0949\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0902, \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f <\/strong>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0936\u092f, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925&nbsp; \u092f\u093e \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u0909\u092a\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928, \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0913\u0902, \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964&nbsp;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 &#8211; \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u090f\u0901, \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0906\u0926\u093f \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e,&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0940 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 , \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f, \u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u093e \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e? \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0926\u093f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0917\u093c\u0948\u0930-<\/strong> <strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915\/ \u0928\u093f\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0930&nbsp; \u0907\u0930\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948&nbsp; \u092f\u0939 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923<\/strong> &#8211; \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u093f\u0932 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e, \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947 \u0915\u0940\u092c\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u092a\u0930 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092a \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> &#8211; \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923-\u092d\u0902\u0917\u0941\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 200-500 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0943\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923<\/strong> &#8211; \u0906\u092a \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0926\u0947\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091b\u0942\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0941\u0930\u0902\u0924 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947 \u0939\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-background\" style=\"background-color:#0270ba59;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u090f\u091f\u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u093f\u092b\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0928<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 1968 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902: <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f (Sensory Memory &#8211; SM)<\/strong>, <strong>\u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f (Short-term Memory &#8211; STM)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f (Long-term Memory &#8211; LTM)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"278\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image42-1-1024x278.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-137060\" style=\"width:862px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image42-1-1024x278.png 1024w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image42-1-600x163.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image42-1-300x81.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image42-1-768x208.png 768w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image42-1.png 1268w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u091a\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948: <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> <strong>(sensory memory)<\/strong>, <strong>\u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f (short term memory)<\/strong>, \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f (long term memory)<\/strong>\u0964 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0907\u0938 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u092f (\u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 30 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921) \u0924\u0915 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u091c\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0916\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938<\/strong>, <strong>\u0916\u0902\u0921\u0940\u092f\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f (chunking)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948&nbsp; \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0905\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0942\u0932\u0928\u093e \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u093e\u092f\u092c \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964                               <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0938\u092e\u092f \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e<\/strong><\/td><td>\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\/\u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 &#8211;&nbsp; 1\/2 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921\u094d\u0938\u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0940 2 \u0938\u0947<\/td><td>20 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921\u094d\u0938<\/td><td>\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918<\/td><td>7\u00b12 \u091f\u0941\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0947&nbsp;<\/td><td>\u0905\u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/td><td>\u0939\u093e\u0938, \u0909\u091a\u091f\u0928\u093e, \u0935\u093f\u0918\u094d\u0928<\/td><td>\u0935\u093f\u0918\u094d\u0928, \u0939\u093e\u0938, \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0915\u0942\u091f \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0928<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 (\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915, \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915)<\/td><td>\u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924<\/td><td>\u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940\u0915<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0939\u0928<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0916\u094b\u091c\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923:\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f \u0906\u092a \u0905\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u091a\u092e\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0916 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u0906\u092a\u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0901\u0916\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0947 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0948\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 &#8211;&nbsp; \u092a\u0947\u0921\u093c, \u0918\u0930, \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915, \u0938\u092c \u0915\u0941\u091b\u0964<\/td><td>\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0916\u094b\u091c\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923:\u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0906\u092a\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948: &#8220;\u0924\u0941\u092e\u094d\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092c\u0948\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e-\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?&#8221;<br>\u0906\u092a \u090f\u0915-\u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u094b: \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c&#8230; \u092a\u0947\u0928&#8230; \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0940&#8230; \u092c\u094b\u0924\u0932&#8230;<\/td><td>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0916\u094b\u091c\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923:\u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 &#8220;\u0926\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940&#8221;, \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0941\u0930\u0902\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u0908 \u091a\u0940\u091c\u093c\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 &#8211;&nbsp;\u0926\u093f\u092f\u0947, \u092a\u091f\u093e\u0916\u0947, \u092a\u0942\u091c\u093e, \u092e\u093f\u0920\u093e\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u091b\u0941\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u092c\u091a\u092a\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0926\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0964<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-left has-ast-global-color-5-background-color has-background\" style=\"padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 :&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 <strong>\u0918\u094b\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915<\/strong> (declarative) \u090f\u0935\u0902 <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0942\u0932\u0915<\/strong> (procedural) \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u0939 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 <strong>15 \u0905\u0917\u0938\u094d\u0924 1947 <\/strong>\u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u092f\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0922\u0915 \u0909\u092d\u092f\u091a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0913\u0930, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0942\u0932\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0909\u0928 \u0915\u094c\u0936\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u093f\u0932 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/strong> \u092f\u093e <strong>\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0947\u091f \u0916\u0947\u0932\u0928\u093e<\/strong>\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u091c\u093c\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u092e \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0938\u094b\u091a\u0947-\u0938\u092e\u091d\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u090f\u0902\u0921\u0947\u0932 \u091f\u0932\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0902\u0917 <\/strong>(Tulving) \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938 <strong>\u0918\u094b\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0926\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u092a\u0930\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f (Episodic Memory)<\/strong> &#8211; \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u092a\u0930\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0906\u092a \u091c\u092c \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0906\u090f \u0924\u094b \u0906\u092a\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e? \u092f\u093e \u0906\u092a\u0915\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u092f\u093e \u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u092a\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u092c \u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0926\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f (Semantic Memory)<\/strong> &#8211; \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930, \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0938\u0902\u0917\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0902 &#8220;\u0905\u0939\u093f\u0902\u0938\u093e&#8221; \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u092f\u093e \u0939\u092e \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0930\u0916 \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f 2+6 = 8 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-background\" style=\"background-color:#0270ba59;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923\/\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 <strong>\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0932\u0949\u0915\u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0928\u094d 1972 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u090f\u091f\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0938\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u092b\u093c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u093e\u0935\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0916\u0902\u0921\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0909\u092a\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948 \u0907\u0938 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0928\u092f\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u092f\u0939 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923\/<strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0917\u0939\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 (\u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930)<\/strong>: \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0939\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930, \u0939\u092e \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, &#8220;\u092c\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940&#8221; \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0928\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u090f\u0902, \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0948\u0930, \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091b \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948,\u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0925\u0932\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 (\u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0917\u0941\u0923)<\/strong>: \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u092e \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 &#8220;\u092c\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940&#8221; \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947, \u092f\u093e \u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u0939\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 (\u0927\u0935\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915&nbsp; \u0917\u0941\u0923)<\/strong>: \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u092e \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u092f\u093e \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 &#8220;\u092c\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940&#8221; \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u091c\u0941\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"914\" height=\"440\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image29-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-137066\" style=\"width:552px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image29-1.png 914w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image29-1-600x289.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image29-1-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image29-1-768x370.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 914px) 100vw, 914px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u091c\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0917\u0939\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0917\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f \u0928 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u091f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-background\" style=\"background-color:#0270ba59;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u0938\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 : \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0938\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932: \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f (Working Memory)<\/strong> \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 Atkinson \u0914\u0930 Shiffrin \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f (STM)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f STM \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0930\u092b\u0947\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 1974 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>Baddeley<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>Hitch<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f (Working Memory)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u094b &#8220;\u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930&#8221; \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u093e, \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0947\u0930\u092b\u0947\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u092c\u092b\u0930 \u0932\u0942\u092a (Episodic Buffer)<\/strong>: <\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u0932\u0942\u092a, \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091a\u092a\u0948\u0921, \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u090f\u092a\u093f\u0938\u094b\u0921\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u092f\u0939 \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 (Central Executive)<\/strong>: <\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u0932\u0942\u092a, \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091a\u092a\u0948\u0921 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u092c\u092b\u0930 \u0932\u0942\u092a \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u0940\u0928\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u0940 \u0924\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u092c\u0928\u0947\u0917\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u0932\u0942\u092a (Phonological Loop)<\/strong>: <\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u092e\u094c\u0916\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0923 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0917\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 2 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930 (Phonological Store)<\/strong>: <\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u091c\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0915\u0925\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (Articulatory Rehearsal Process)<\/strong>: <\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091a\u092a\u0948\u0921 (Visuospatial Sketchpad)<\/strong>: <\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0906\u092a\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u091b\u0935\u093f \u092f\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0947\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"606\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image3-3-1024x606.png\" alt=\"\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e\" class=\"wp-image-136806\" style=\"width:585px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image3-3-1024x606.png 1024w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image3-3-600x355.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image3-3-300x178.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image3-3-768x455.png 768w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image3-3.png 1030w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0924: \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0930\u092b\u0947\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0938\u0902\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0922\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-luminous-vivid-orange-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-2ce39e76a364b6e6d6e1fc91bb6043a6\" style=\"border-radius:10px;background-color:#fcb90059;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"><strong> <\/strong>\u0939\u092e\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964 \u0939\u092e \u092d\u0942\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902? \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u091c\u094b \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u0940 \u0925\u0940 \u0935\u0939 \u0916\u094b \u0917\u0908? \u092f\u093e \u0939\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e? \u092f\u093e 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class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0939\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928 \u090f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0915 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u093e\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 ;\u091c\u094b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u091c\u0928-\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930-\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u091c\u0928 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 CVC \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0908\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0939\u093e 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class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u2018<strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u2019<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 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\u0939\u0948 , \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924, \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0924\u094b\u0947 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u094b \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0916\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0916\u0924\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u0908 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b \u091c\u094b \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0909\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0928\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e\u0964 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u092c\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;\u091a\u0942\u0901\u0915\u093f \u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924&nbsp; \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0936\u0940\u0918\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u090f \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0905\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 &#8211;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0905\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964&nbsp; \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0926\u094b&nbsp; \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0917\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0927 &#8211;&nbsp; \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u0908 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0936\u094d\u091a\u0917\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0927 &#8211; \u0928\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 &#8211;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093e\u0938 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0939\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u091a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948&nbsp; \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0939\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902&nbsp; \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0915 \u0935\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 <strong>\u091f\u0932\u0935\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0939\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0924\u094b \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923<\/strong> &#8211;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 <strong>\u0938\u093f\u0917\u094d\u092e\u0902\u0921 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0949\u092f\u0921 \u0928\u0947 <\/strong>20\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902&nbsp; \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0924\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0905\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u092c\u0942\u091d\u0915\u0930 \u0909\u0928 \u092f\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u092c\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0928\u093e\u0915, \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0928\u093e\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092a\u091f\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0915\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 &#8211;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1900 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091c\u0949\u0930\u094d\u091c \u092e\u0941\u0932\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0902\u0938 \u092a\u093f\u0932\u094d\u091c\u093c\u0947\u0915\u0930<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092d\u0942\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092d\u0942\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0947\u0915\u0928 (consolidation) \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0938\u092e\u0947\u0915\u0928 \u0924\u092c \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u092c \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0939 \u092d\u0942\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u092f\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0942\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0936\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 &#8211;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u090f\u0928\u0915\u094b\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u0939 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f (STM) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f (LTM) \u0924\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0924\u0939\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940, \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u092f\u093e \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u093e \u0907\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-background\" style=\"background-color:#0270ba59;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u092f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0917\u0939\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e:<\/strong> \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0906\u092a \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u0906\u092a\u0915\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u092c\u093e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0917\u0939\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e:<\/strong> \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e:<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0930\u093e\u090f\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938:<\/strong> \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0920 \u0915\u094b \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947-\u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0901\u091f \u0915\u0930 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0940\u091a-\u092c\u0940\u091a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong> \u092f\u093e\u0926\u0926\u093e\u0936\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902, \u0938\u0942\u091a\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f:<\/strong> \u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u092f\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"643\" src=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image17-2-1024x643.png\" alt=\"\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e\" class=\"wp-image-137076\" style=\"width:566px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image17-2-1024x643.png 1024w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image17-2-600x377.png 600w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image17-2-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image17-2-768x482.png 768w, https:\/\/rajras.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image17-2.png 1140w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-luminous-vivid-orange-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-09a186bca722cd3d9fe2f54c585d05f4\" style=\"border-radius:10px;background-color:#fcb90059;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0902\u0915\u0932\u0928<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u092f \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u092b\u094b\u0915\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u2018\u0917\u0924\u093f\u2019 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u2018Motivation\u2019<\/strong> \u0932\u0948\u091f\u093f\u0928 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 <strong>\u2018Movere\u2019<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0915\u0932\u093e\u092a \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u201c\u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u092e\u0928\u094b\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947&nbsp; \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u201d \u2014 <strong>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u0932\u0941\u0925\u093e\u0902\u0938<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0902\u0915\u0932\u0928<strong> <\/strong>\u0909\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947, \u092f\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u0907\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e\u0913\u0902, \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u091c\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0902\u0915\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0918\u091f\u0915<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901:<\/strong> \u092f\u0939 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0907\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926: <\/strong>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f, \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u090f\u0901, \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u094b \u091a\u0940\u091c\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e, \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e: <\/strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0939\u0926 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e (Intrinsic Motivation):<\/strong><br>\u091c\u092c \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u092f\u093e \u0906\u0928\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0928\u0902\u0926 \u0906\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923: \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u091f\u0942\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e (Extrinsic Motivation):<\/strong><br>\u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e, \u092f\u093e \u0926\u0902\u0921 \u091c\u094b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u094b\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924\u093f \u092f\u093e \u092c\u094b\u0928\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923: \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935-\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u0915\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-background\" style=\"background-color:#0270ba59;padding-top:6px;padding-right:6px;padding-bottom:6px;padding-left:6px\"><strong>\u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0915\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b GS-1 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092e\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0932\u094b \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e <\/strong>(Maslow\u2019s Hierarchy of Needs):<br>\u0907\u0938 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 (\u0936\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0930\u093f\u0915, \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e) \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 (\u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093f) \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092f\u0939 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0939\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093c\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u094b-\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/strong> (Herzberg\u2019s Two-Factor Theory):<br>\u0939\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093c\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f&nbsp; \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0915\u093e\u092e\u0915\u093e\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 <\/strong>(Self-Determination Theory &#8211; SDT):<br>\u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u094c\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902: \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0924\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u0947 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935-\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0935\u0932\u0940:<\/strong> \u092e\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928\u0932 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u091c\u093c\u0932 \u0911\u092b \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0928\u0932 \u092a\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0902\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0932 (MAPP) \u092f\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092b\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0940 (WPI) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0928:<\/strong> \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0932\u0917\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0937 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e\u090f\u0901:<\/strong> \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0927-\u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u0907\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e\u0913\u0902, \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f:<\/strong> \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930, \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092e\u0928\u094b\u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e:<\/strong> \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0901\u0915\u0932\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0932\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0924\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u094b\u0902, \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background has-medium-font-size\"><strong>FAQ (Previous year questions)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:10px;}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;background:#ffffff;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-top-left-radius:6px;border-top-right-radius:6px;border-bottom-right-radius:6px;border-bottom-left-radius:6px;background:#f2f2f2;color:#555555;padding-top:14px;padding-right:16px;padding-bottom:14px;padding-left:16px;}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{color:#444444;background:#eeeeee;border-top-color:#eeeeee;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#eeeeee;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#eeeeee;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#eeeeee;border-left-style:solid;}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion--visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#eeeeee;}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{color:var(--ast-global-color-8);background:#f1ad71;border-top-color:#BE530B;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#BE530B;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#BE530B;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#BE530B;border-left-style:solid;}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:var(--ast-global-color-8);}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:var(--ast-global-color-8);}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f1ad71;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:0px solid #f2f2f2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top-color:#eeeeee;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#eeeeee;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#eeeeee;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#eeeeee;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top-color:#BE530B;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#BE530B;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#BE530B;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#BE530B;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:10px;}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:0px solid #f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top-color:#eeeeee;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#eeeeee;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#eeeeee;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#eeeeee;border-left-style:solid;}.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top-color:#BE530B;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#BE530B;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#BE530B;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#BE530B;border-left-style:solid;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id137013_e09d62-aa kt-accordion-has-9-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-basic kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"false\" data-start-open=\"0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-1 kt-pane137013_96ed92-32\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>\u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915-\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ?\u00a0<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2024)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u092a\u094b\u091c\u0940\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0935\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935) \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924 (\u0928\u0935\u0940\u0928\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935) \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0907\u091f\u092e \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0907\u091f\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/strong> &#8211; \u092f\u0939 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0906\u0907\u091f\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0928\u0935\u0940\u0928\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/strong> &#8211; \u0939\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0907\u091f\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0939\u0930\u092e\u0928 \u090f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0939\u0949\u0938<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-2 kt-pane137013_507a1c-fc\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u0947\u092c\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?\u00a0<\/strong>(\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2024)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u0947\u092c\u0938\u0940 <\/strong>\u0924\u092c \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947\u0964\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0905\u0925\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0932\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0939\u0940\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0947\u0932\u093f\u0917\u092e\u0948\u0928<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092e\u0947\u092f\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u091d\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXdMs928Av_I2nZH3P12Zr0Yg9N-zwMoaMTWud-HKCMDgI5HmYfLymRoIj_Y3KRJbCJ7ICQgOMrPedhyU2DuQwHJ79dYSzoEjRgGojBdZEwbM7sqtcodexsHwc4MPYaRZ88aamRv?key=2DyoG8FtohsHPHR72M0ofg\" alt=\"\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u0947\u092c\u0938\u0940\n\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-3 kt-pane137013_c1612f-8e\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>\u091a\u093f\u0939\u0928 \u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0941\u092f\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0907\u092f\u0947\u0964<\/strong> (2 M, 2023)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u2018<strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u2019<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091c\u092c \u0907\u0928 \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0947 \u0927\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u00a0 <strong>\u201c\u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u094b \u092f\u093e \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0913 \u201c<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-4 kt-pane137013_8026b1-47\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0907\u092f\u0947\u0964<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2023)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f, \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u092f\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0964\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0930\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-5 kt-pane137013_629a4c-10\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0926\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u092f\u0947\u0964<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2023)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 <strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e <\/strong>\u00a0\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902)\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0905\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-6 kt-pane137013_b083c6-e6\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2021)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932, \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 (\u090f\u091f\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0938\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u093f\u092b\u0930\u0940\u0928) \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u091a\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948: <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f <\/strong>, <strong>\u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong>, \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f <\/strong>\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0926\u093f \u0907\u0938 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u092f (\u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 30 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921) \u0924\u0915 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939 <strong>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0905\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXe9PIMcFnd2ceTv2L3P_-qQvWEYNJ7p6WBJ-qZSOcRURL71uGJ_YTZ43pJ95mtx5y1Y8nMzr66vxw_HEqHCDzjXjgMaxA0Z7UmXKBdIEyN-LWrGf9xDlpe6YZgvoIwLXHo8QUIn?key=EQ0FYxSHYG0PFwM8EIqcsfP-\" alt=\"\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\n\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-7 kt-pane137013_ee5fea-a4\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0932\u0947\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u200d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ?<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2018)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p><strong>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0932\u0947\u091f (1932)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0935\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0939\u092e \u091c\u094b \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0935\u0939 \u0909\u0938 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0939\u092e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u092c \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928, \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e, \u0935\u0930\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0928\u094b\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-8 kt-pane137013_039f3a-5f\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>\u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092a \u0915\u094d\u200d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2016 Special Exam)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p><strong>\u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 (Retroactive Inhibition\/Interference) \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u2014 <\/strong>\u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0940\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0938\u0940\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e (\u0928\u0908 \u0938\u0940\u0916), \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e (\u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u0916) \u0915\u094b \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e \u0921\u093e\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902: \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0906\u092a \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091a \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0906 \u0930\u0939\u0947, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-9 kt-pane137013_a582a6-7c\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>\u090f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0939\u0949\u0938 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f \u0964<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2016 Special Exam)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 (curve) \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u093c \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u094c \u0918\u0902\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u092d\u0942\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947-\u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0926\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXezE-ztwpw-UbjJ6-9qGIDUYyKKOjeA0v-e9rhNo7BVliCbVnZ66sJP2w-P30ajHeXzYIqXnN6_FJLWEXOLfZRt29_tx2K7qf5PQsH5z6babrqetz3uVh6Hq_1DXOCD0Ft1Dyct3w?key=EQ0FYxSHYG0PFwM8EIqcsfP-\" alt=\"\u090f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0939\u0949\u0938 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1752670877584\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>\u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915-\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ?\u00a0<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2024)<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">\u0938\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u092a\u094b\u091c\u0940\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0935\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935) \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924 (\u0928\u0935\u0940\u0928\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935) \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0907\u091f\u092e \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0907\u091f\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br\/><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/strong> &#8211; \u092f\u0939 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0906\u0907\u091f\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<br\/><strong>\u0928\u0935\u0940\u0928\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/strong> &#8211; \u0939\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0907\u091f\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/><strong>\u0939\u0930\u092e\u0928 \u090f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0939\u0949\u0938<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1752670880081\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u0947\u092c\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?\u00a0<\/strong>(\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2024)<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u0947\u092c\u0938\u0940 <\/strong>\u0924\u092c \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0905\u0925\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0932\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0939\u0940\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/><strong>\u0938\u0947\u0932\u093f\u0917\u092e\u0948\u0928<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092e\u0947\u092f\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u091d\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964\u00a0<br\/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXdMs928Av_I2nZH3P12Zr0Yg9N-zwMoaMTWud-HKCMDgI5HmYfLymRoIj_Y3KRJbCJ7ICQgOMrPedhyU2DuQwHJ79dYSzoEjRgGojBdZEwbM7sqtcodexsHwc4MPYaRZ88aamRv?key=2DyoG8FtohsHPHR72M0ofg\" alt=\"\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u0947\u092c\u0938\u0940\n\"\/><\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1752670881791\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>\u091a\u093f\u0939\u0928 \u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0941\u092f\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0907\u092f\u0947\u0964<\/strong> (2 M, 2023)<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u2018<strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u2019<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u091c\u092c \u0907\u0928 \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0947 \u0927\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u00a0 <strong>\u201c\u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u094b \u092f\u093e \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0913 \u201c<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1752754605777\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0907\u092f\u0947\u0964<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2023)<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong><br\/>\u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f, \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u092f\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0930\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1752754641634\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0926\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u092f\u0947\u0964<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2023)<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 <strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e <\/strong>\u00a0\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902)\u0964<br\/>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u0964<br\/>\u0905\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e\u0964<br\/>\u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1752754665177\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2021)<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932, \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 (\u090f\u091f\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0938\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u093f\u092b\u0930\u0940\u0928) \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u091a\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948: <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f <\/strong>, <strong>\u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong>, \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f <\/strong>\u0964 <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u092f\u0926\u093f \u0907\u0938 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u092f (\u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 30 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921) \u0924\u0915 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939 <strong>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0905\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXe9PIMcFnd2ceTv2L3P_-qQvWEYNJ7p6WBJ-qZSOcRURL71uGJ_YTZ43pJ95mtx5y1Y8nMzr66vxw_HEqHCDzjXjgMaxA0Z7UmXKBdIEyN-LWrGf9xDlpe6YZgvoIwLXHo8QUIn?key=EQ0FYxSHYG0PFwM8EIqcsfP-\" alt=\"\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\n\"\/><\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1752754729098\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0932\u0947\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u200d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ?<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2018)<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><strong>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0932\u0947\u091f (1932)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0935\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0939\u092e \u091c\u094b \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0935\u0939 \u0909\u0938 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0939\u092e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u092c \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928, \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e, \u0935\u0930\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0928\u094b\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1752754778874\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>\u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092a \u0915\u094d\u200d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2016 Special Exam)<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><strong>\u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 (Retroactive Inhibition\/Interference) \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u2014 <\/strong>\u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0940\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0938\u0940\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e (\u0928\u0908 \u0938\u0940\u0916), \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e (\u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u0916) \u0915\u094b \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e \u0921\u093e\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902: \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0906\u092a \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091a \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0906 \u0930\u0939\u0947, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1752754816971\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>\u090f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0939\u0949\u0938 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f \u0964<\/strong> (\u0905\u0902\u0915 &#8211; 2 M, 2016 Special Exam)<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 (curve) \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u093c \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u094c \u0918\u0902\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u092d\u0942\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947-\u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0926\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXezE-ztwpw-UbjJ6-9qGIDUYyKKOjeA0v-e9rhNo7BVliCbVnZ66sJP2w-P30ajHeXzYIqXnN6_FJLWEXOLfZRt29_tx2K7qf5PQsH5z6babrqetz3uVh6Hq_1DXOCD0Ft1Dyct3w?key=EQ0FYxSHYG0PFwM8EIqcsfP-\" alt=\"\u090f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0939\u0949\u0938 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930\"\/><\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0906\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u092e \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 (\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e) \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (\u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e)\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u092e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"parent":70909,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"right-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0932\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0939\u0940\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/><strong>\u0938\u0947\u0932\u093f\u0917\u092e\u0948\u0928<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092e\u0947\u092f\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u091d\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\",\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752670881791\",\"position\":3,\"url\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752670881791\",\"name\":\"\u091a\u093f\u0939\u0928 \u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0941\u092f\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0907\u092f\u0947\u0964 (2 M, 2023)\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u2018<strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u2019<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u091c\u092c \u0907\u0928 \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0947 \u0927\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u00a0 <strong>\u201c\u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u094b \u092f\u093e \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0913 \u201c<\/strong>\u00a0\",\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754605777\",\"position\":4,\"url\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754605777\",\"name\":\"\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0907\u092f\u0947\u0964 (\u0905\u0902\u0915 - 2 M, 2023)\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong><br\/>\u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f, \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u092f\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0930\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\",\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754641634\",\"position\":5,\"url\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754641634\",\"name\":\"\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0926\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u092f\u0947\u0964 (\u0905\u0902\u0915 - 2 M, 2023)\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 <strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e <\/strong>\u00a0\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902)\u0964<br\/>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u0964<br\/>\u0905\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e\u0964<br\/>\u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\",\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754665177\",\"position\":6,\"url\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754665177\",\"name\":\"\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u090f\u0964 (\u0905\u0902\u0915 - 2 M, 2021)\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932, \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 (\u090f\u091f\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0938\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u093f\u092b\u0930\u0940\u0928) \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u091a\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948: <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f <\/strong>, <strong>\u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong>, \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f <\/strong>\u0964 <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u092f\u0926\u093f \u0907\u0938 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u092f (\u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 30 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921) \u0924\u0915 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939 <strong>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0905\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\",\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754729098\",\"position\":7,\"url\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754729098\",\"name\":\"\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0932\u0947\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u200d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ? (\u0905\u0902\u0915 - 2 M, 2018)\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<strong>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0932\u0947\u091f (1932)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0935\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0939\u092e \u091c\u094b \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0935\u0939 \u0909\u0938 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0939\u092e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u092c \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928, \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e, \u0935\u0930\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0928\u094b\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964\",\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754778874\",\"position\":8,\"url\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754778874\",\"name\":\"\u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092a \u0915\u094d\u200d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ? (\u0905\u0902\u0915 - 2 M, 2016 Special Exam)\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<strong>\u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 (Retroactive Inhibition\/Interference) \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u2014 <\/strong>\u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0940\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0938\u0940\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e (\u0928\u0908 \u0938\u0940\u0916), \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e (\u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u0916) \u0915\u094b \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e \u0921\u093e\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902: \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0906\u092a \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091a \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0906 \u0930\u0939\u0947, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\",\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},\"inLanguage\":\"hi-IN\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754816971\",\"position\":9,\"url\":\"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754816971\",\"name\":\"\u090f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0939\u0949\u0938 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f \u0964 (\u0905\u0902\u0915 - 2 M, 2016 Special Exam)\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 (curve) \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f 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\u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f, \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u092f\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0930\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964","inLanguage":"hi-IN"},"inLanguage":"hi-IN"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754641634","position":5,"url":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754641634","name":"\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0926\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u092f\u0947\u0964 (\u0905\u0902\u0915 - 2 M, 2023)","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 <strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e <\/strong>\u00a0\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902)\u0964<br\/>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u0964<br\/>\u0905\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f 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2021)","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932, \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 (\u090f\u091f\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0938\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u093f\u092b\u0930\u0940\u0928) \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u091a\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948: <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f <\/strong>, <strong>\u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong>, \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f <\/strong>\u0964 <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921 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\u092c\u091a \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939 <strong>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0905\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/>","inLanguage":"hi-IN"},"inLanguage":"hi-IN"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754729098","position":7,"url":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754729098","name":"\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0932\u0947\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u200d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ? (\u0905\u0902\u0915 - 2 M, 2018)","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<strong>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0932\u0947\u091f (1932)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0935\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0939\u092e \u091c\u094b \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0935\u0939 \u0909\u0938 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0939\u092e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u092c \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0<br\/>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928, \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e, \u0935\u0930\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0928\u094b\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964","inLanguage":"hi-IN"},"inLanguage":"hi-IN"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754778874","position":8,"url":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754778874","name":"\u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092a \u0915\u094d\u200d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ? (\u0905\u0902\u0915 - 2 M, 2016 Special Exam)","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<strong>\u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 (Retroactive Inhibition\/Interference) \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u2014 <\/strong>\u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0940\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0938\u0940\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e (\u0928\u0908 \u0938\u0940\u0916), \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u092e (\u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u0916) \u0915\u094b \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e \u0921\u093e\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902: \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0906\u092a \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091a \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0906 \u0930\u0939\u0947, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964","inLanguage":"hi-IN"},"inLanguage":"hi-IN"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754816971","position":9,"url":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/ras\/mains\/paper-3\/behaviour\/learning-and-motivation\/#faq-question-1752754816971","name":"\u090f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0939\u0949\u0938 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f \u0964 (\u0905\u0902\u0915 - 2 M, 2016 Special Exam)","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 (curve) \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u093c \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u094c \u0918\u0902\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u092d\u0942\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947-\u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0926\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br\/>","inLanguage":"hi-IN"},"inLanguage":"hi-IN"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/137013","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=137013"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/137013\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/70909"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rajras.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=137013"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}